高放废物处置地下实验室建设期风险接受准则  

Research on risk acceptance criteria for construction of HLW geological disposal URL

作　　者：仝跃 黄宏伟[1,2] 张东明[1,2] 陈亮[3] 李彦杰[1,2] 张恺锐 

机构地区：[1]同济大学岩土及地下工程教育部重点实验室,上海200092 [2]同济大学地下建筑与工程系,上海200092 [3]核工业北京地质研究院

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2017年第2期151-156,共6页China Safety Science Journal

摘　　要：为了开展高放废物(HLW)处置地下实验室(URL)建设施工阶段的安全风险管理,建立相应的风险接受准则。根据URL工程建设施工阶段不确定性因素众多、社会敏感性强等特点,考虑现有风险相关规范、标准应用的局限性,在借鉴既有相关风险接受准则的研究成果及确定方法的基础上,结合专家调研方法,从人员伤亡、经济损失、工期延误、社会影响、环境影响5个方面初步建立基于最低合理可行(ALARP)准则的风险接受准则。研究对比发现,所建各准则均可被连续量化,且相比于现有风险接受准则,部分标准更加严格,符合URL建设施工阶段安全风险管控的目标。Risk acceptance criteria is the basis of risk management and decision making. However,the existing risk specifications and standards of China can ＇ t satisfy the construction of URL. The paper was aimed at establishing acceptance criteria for the construction phase of URL. Firstly,the experience and method of the existing risk acceptance criteria were considered. Then a guestionnaire survey was carried out into experts,belonging to the owners,universities,design,consulting and insurance units on the feature values of acceptance criteria. To improve the reliability,the quartile method was used to check the abnormal value of the survey data. At the same time,the confidence index,which reflects the confidence of judgment,was applied to calculating the weights of experts with the basic information on experts. Lastly,based on ALARP principle,the risk acceptance criteria were established. The tolerable and acceptable standards of the individual risk and social impact risk were given. The criteria can be quantized continuously and can satify the risk management during the construction phase of URL.

关 键 词：高放废物(HLW)处置 地下实验室(URL) 最低合理可行(ALARP)准则 信心指数 风险接受准则 

分 类 号：X948[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TD7[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]