潮滩围垦对沉积物重金属的影响初探——以江苏为例  

Effects of large scale tidal flat reclamation on heavy metals in sediments:a case study on Jiangsu Province,China

作　　者：杨磊[1,2] 李明亮[1,2] 金洋[1] 龚绪龙[1,2] 汪亚平[3] 高建华[3] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省地质调查研究院,江苏南京210018 [2]国土资源部地裂缝地质灾害重点实验室,江苏南京210018 [3]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《海洋通报》2017年第1期82-90,共9页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质大调查项目(1212011220005;1212011014002;200312300008)

摘　　要：根据围垦前后的江苏条子泥潮滩沉积物重金属数据,获取重金属背景值,分析重金属含量与分布的变化特征,探讨围垦对重金属的影响机制,运用潜在生态风险指数法评价重金属生态风险变化。结果表明,重金属Cr、Ni、Pb的平均含量降低7.2%~15.2%,Cu、Zn、As、Cd的平均含量升高2.7%~23.6%,重金属空间分布的异质性增强;围垦改变堤外潮滩水动力与沉积物分布格局,离岸越远,重金属含量的变化越不明显;受植被类型、土地利用方式的影响,互花米草滩重金属含量变化率明显高于盐蒿滩,用作水产养殖的潮滩重金属含量普遍降低,用作农业种植的潮滩重金属含量普遍升高;潮滩沉积物总体质量优良,重金属总潜在生态风险指数平均值和最大值分别升高6.5%和23.8%,仍处于低生态风险程度。According to the data of heavy metals in sediments from tidal flat at Tiaozini area in Jiangsu Province before and after the reclamation,background values of heavy metals were obtained,the variation characteristics and the effect mechanism of heavy metal response to the reclamation were investigated.The ecological risk variation of heavy metals was evaluated by using potential ecological risk index.The results showed that the average contents of Cr,Ni,Pb were decreased by 7.2 % to 15.2 %,and those of Cu,Zn,As,Cd were increased by 2.7 % to 23.6 %.The distribution heterogeneity of heavy metals was increased.The content variation of heavy metals was more insignificant at the place farther from the coast owing to the changes of hydrodynamics and sediment distribution patterns outside the dyke caused by the reclamation.Affected by vegetation types and land use patterns,the content variation rate of heavy metals in the tidal flat covered by Spartina alterniflora was obviously higher than that in the tidal flat covered by Suaeda salsa,and the contents of heavy metals were generally decreased in the tidal flat used for aquaculture,and the contents of heavy metals were generally increased in the tidal flat used for agriculture.The quality of sediments from tidal flat was generally good,and though in a low level of ecological risk,the average and maximum values of total potential ecological risk index were increased by 6.5 % and 23.8 %.

关 键 词：围垦 潮滩 沉积物 重金属 影响机制 生态风险 江苏 

分 类 号：P736.2[天文地球—海洋地质]