库克群岛海域海洋环境因子对长鳍金枪鱼渔获率的影响  

Effects of environmental variables on catch rates of Thunnus alalunga in waters near Cook Islands

作　　者：宋利明[1,2,3,4] 谢凯[1] 赵海龙[1] 李冬静[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室(上海海洋大学),上海201306 [4]远洋渔业协同创新中心,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋通报》2017年第1期96-106,共11页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2012AA092302);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金联合项目(20113104110004);上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(12ZZ168);农业部远洋渔业资源探捕项目(D8006128005)

摘　　要：为了提高延绳钓渔业中长鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus alalunga)的渔获率,需了解海洋环境因子对其渔获率的影响。利用2013年9月8日-2013年12月31日库克群岛海域延绳钓渔业调查数据,包括:钓钩作业深度,温度、叶绿素a浓度和海流垂直剖面数据,作业参数,渔获统计数据等,采用逐步回归的方法建立钓钩作业深度预测模型,利用统计和聚类分析的方法分析长鳍金枪鱼渔获率与海洋环境因子的关系。结果表明:在库克群岛附近海域,长鳍金枪鱼渔获率较高的水层、温度、叶绿素a浓度、东西方向、南北方向、垂直方向、水平方向的海流分别为160~200 m、21.0~23.9℃、0.040~0.159μg/L、0~0.1 m/s、0.1~0.2 m/s、0.08~0.10 m/s和0.1~0.2 m/s。在该海域作业时,建议在长鳍金枪鱼渔获率较高的水层、温度、叶绿素a浓度、东西方向、南北方向、垂直方向和水平方向的海流范围内增加钓钩投放数量。Better understanding of the effects of environmental variables on catch rates of albacore tuna（Thunnus alalunga） is beneficial to the increase of the albacore tuna catch rate in the longline fisheries.In this study,the catch rate of albacore tuna and environmental variables were collected from longline surveys in waters near Cook Islands from Sep.8,2013 through Dec.31,2013.Data included： hook depth data,temperature,chlorophyll-a concentration,three dimensional sea current vertical profile data,operating parameters,and catch data.Stepwise regression was used to develop the hook depth calculation model.Statistics and clustering analysis were used to analyze the effects of environmental variables on albacore tuna catch rate.Results showed that the depth,temperature,chlorophyll-a concentration,east-west direction currents,northsouth direction currents,vertical currents and horizontal current range with the high catch rate of albacore tuna were 160 ～200m,21.0～23.9 ℃,0.040～0.159 μg/L,0～0.1 m/s,0.1～0.2 m/s,0.08～0.10 m/s and 0.1～0.2 m/s,respectively.Results suggest that the hook numbers should be increased in the water depth,temperature,chlorophyll-a concentration,east-west direction current,north-south direction currents,vertical currents and horizontal current range with the high albacore tuna catch rate when fishing in the waters near Cook Islands and targeting albacore tuna.

关 键 词：长鳍金枪鱼 渔获率 环境因子 库克群岛 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]