发酵牛粪作为奶牛卧床垫料的微生物消长规律研究  

The microbial growth and decline of fermented cow dung bedding for dairy cow

作　　者：李宏双[1] 杨岚[2] 单春花 邱殿锐 郭建军 高玉红[1] LI Hong-shuang YANG Lan SHAN Chun-hua QIU Dian-rui GUO Jian-jun GAO Yu-hong(College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China University of North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Langfang 06500, China Animal Husbandry Research Institute of Chengde,Chengde 067000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071001 [2]北华航天工业学院,河北廊坊065000 [3]承德市畜牧研究所,河北承德067000

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2017年第2期88-92,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系奶牛产业创新团队建设专项资金;承德市科学技术与发展计划项目(20157011)

摘　　要：为了研究发酵牛粪作为奶牛卧床垫料的微生物消长规律,本试验选择舍饲散栏泌乳牛舍,检测1个自然年度牛粪垫料不同深度的微生物(细菌和真菌)数量。每2月检测1次,每次连续7d。结果表明,不同月份牛粪垫料的表、中、深层细菌数量随填铺卧床时间的增长表现出上升趋势,刚填铺的牛粪垫料细菌数量为2.0×10~6~3.8×10~7 cfu/g,填铺7d时细菌数量达4.7×10~7~3.6×10~8 cfu/g,4、6、8和10月份牛粪垫料的细菌数量均表现为表层偏高、中层偏低的趋势;牛粪垫料中真菌数量没有表现出明显的消长规律,且填铺7d时真菌数量增长幅度较小,刚填铺时牛粪的真菌数量介于4.3×10~2~1.5×10~3 cfu/g,填铺7d时真菌数量为9.5×10~2~4.8×10~3 cfu/g。此外,牛粪垫料的细菌和真菌数量与环境温度间均不存在显著相关性(P>0.05)。该研究可为奶牛卧床消毒制度的完善提供可靠数据,以提高奶牛的生产性能和健康水平。The study aimed to investigate the microbial growth and decline in cubicle bedding of dairy cow dung. The free-stall cowshed was chosen to research the microbial （bacteria and fungus） count in different depths of cubicle bedding for a natural year. The research was car- ried out every two months, with 7 days for each time. The results revealed that the bacteria count in the surface,middle and deep layer of bedding increased with time extension of padding cubicle bed in all detected months. The bacterial count ranged from 2.0 × 10^6 to 3.8× 10^7 cfu/ g when the bedding was just filled, and the range was from 4. 7× 10^7 to 3.6× 10^8 cfu/g after 7 days. The bacterial count in April, June, August and October showed a tendency that the count in surface layer was high and the count of middle layer was low. For fungi count, no sig- nificant difference was found among different lays or different months. The range of fungi count in bedding was from 2.0× 10^6 to 3.8× 10^7 cfu/g when the fermented bedding was just added into cubicle bed, and the count reached between 9.5 × 10^2 and 4. 8 × 10^3 cfu/g after 7 days. Besides, the study showed that there was no significant correlation between microbialcount in the bedding and ambient temperature （P〈0.05）. This study would provide reliable data for the improvement of disinfection system in the cubicle bed of dairy cow to improve the performance and health level of the dairy cow.

关 键 词：发酵牛粪 细菌 真菌 垫料 卧床 

分 类 号：S823.4[农业科学—畜牧学] S823.4[农业科学—畜牧兽医]