沉水植物茎叶微界面特性研究进展  

Research advances in and perspectives on characteristics of the micro-boundary layer around leaves and stems of submerged macrophytes

作　　者：董彬[1] 韩睿明[2,3] 王国祥[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]临沂大学资源环境学院,临沂276000 [2]南京师范大学环境学院,南京210023 [3]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023

出　　处：《生态学报》2017年第6期1769-1776,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41173078;41403064);江苏省自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(BK20140922);江苏省教育厅高校自然科学研究面上项目(14KJB610007)

摘　　要：沉水植物茎叶-水界面是浅水湖泊的重要界面之一,对湖泊生物地球化学循环和水环境质量具有重要影响。富营养化水体中,大量的附着物常富集在沉水植物茎叶表面,形成了特殊的生物-水微界面。对该微界面特性进行深入研究,有助于揭示沉水植物在微环境层面对富营养化水体中物质循环的调控过程和机制。沉水植物茎叶微界面具有促进水体养分转化、改变环境因子及可溶性物质的空间分布,增加物质运输的阻力和距离、降低植物光合作用、调控重金属等生态功能;微界面结构及环境因子受水体营养盐浓度、沉水植物种类及生长阶段等因素的影响。对微界面结构功能的主要研究方法进行了分析总结,并对沉水植物茎叶微界面的研究前沿进行了展望。Submerged macrophytes constitute an important component of shallow aquatic ecosystems. They provide most of the accessible surface area, constant survival substrates, and available nutrients for periphyton, which remains attached to the stem and leaf surfaces of submerged macrophytes and forms a special bio-water boundary layer. As one of the most important interfaces in shallow lakes, the submerged macropbyte-water boundary layer plays roles in macrophyte growth, biogeochemica] cycling, water environment maintenance, and ecological regulation. The present study summarizes the research advancements regarding characteristics of the micro-boundary layer （MBL） around leaves and stems of submerged macrophytes. The ecological functions, biotic and environmental factors, and research methods are identified and reviewed. Perspectives for the focus of future research on MBL around submerged macrophytes are raised.The MBL around submerged macrophytes has important ecological functions. The dense periphyton in MBL exerts negative effects on photosynthesis in submerged macrophytes, creates a barrier hindering the transport of dissolved substances, such as O2, and leads to the degradation and even disappearance of submerged macrophytes in eutrophic waters. The plant stress derived from pollutants may be alleviated because of the periphytic barrier in the MBL. The epiphytic bacteria in the MBL can be of considerable importance for nutrient transformation and cycling in eutrophic ecosystems. Periphyton is an assemblage of algae, bacteria, fungi, protozoan, inorganic matter, and organic detritus that remains attached to submerged macrophyte surfaces where significant spatio-temporal variations exist in the MBL. The heterogeneity of micro-environmental parameters is the key factor shaping the MBL around submerged macrophytes, given the complex constituents, changing spatial structure, and fluctuation of oxidation-reduction status within this microcosm. At the spatial heterogeneity, in the vertical direction of stem and leaf

关 键 词：沉水植物 微界面 功能 富营养化 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]