灌施沼液比例对石灰性土壤性质和辣椒生长的影响  

Effect of biogas slurry irrigation concentration on the calcareous soil properties and pepper growth

作　　者：魏彬萌 韩霁昌[1,2] 王欢元[1,2] 张扬[1,2] 孙婴婴 李忠徽 孙绪博 

机构地区：[1]陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司,陕西西安710075 [2]国土资源部退化及未利用土地整治工程重点实验室,陕西西安710075 [3]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2017年第2期42-47,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：陕西省重点科技创新团队计划项目--退化及未利用土地整治创新团队(2016KCT-23)

摘　　要：研究了灌施不同稀释比例沼液对土壤pH值、电导率、有机碳、水溶性碳、土壤结构以及辣椒生长的影响。结果表明:灌施沼液会使土壤pH值和EC值升高,尤其是高浓度(>50%)沼液,土壤的EC值达到1.2m S/cm以上;土壤有机碳随沼液浓度的增大而增加,水溶性碳在灌施比例为1∶3和1∶4时达到最大,其次是原液、1∶1和1∶2,且这3个处理之间差异不显著;灌施沼液有利于土壤水稳性大团聚体(>0.25 mm)的形成,尤其灌施浓度>25%时,各处理之间差异显著,而且灌施沼液可以显著增加>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体中有机碳的含量。生物实验表明,辣椒株高、叶片数、分枝数、叶绿素值及辣椒产量在灌施稀释比例为1∶2~1∶4的沼液时达到了相对较高的水平,而灌施沼液原液和稀释比例为1∶1时,上述各指标相对较低。综合考虑建议沼液在石灰性土壤上的稀释比例应控制在1∶2~1∶4之间,但是其长期施用效果还有待于进一步验证。The aim of the present study was to develop knowledge of reasonable application of biogas slurry in calcareous soil on the Loess Plateau. A series of pot cultivation experiments were carried out to study the effect of biogas slurry on soil properties （pH, EC, organic carbon content, water-soluble carbon and soil structure） and pepper growth. The results showed that soil pH, EC increased with the increase of biogas slurry application rate, soil EC was more than 1.2 mS/cm when the concentra- tion of biogas slurry was greater than 50%. Soil organic carbon increased with the biogas slurry concentration increasing, water soluble carbon reached the maximum when the ratio of biogas slurry and water was 1 ： 3 and 1 ： 4, but there was no significant difference among the treatments of 1 ： 2, 1 ： 1 and undiluted solution biogas slurry. Application of biogas slurry was beneficial to the formation of large water-stable aggregates （ 〉 0. 25 mm）, and there was significant differences among the treatments which the concentration of biogas slurry was greater than 25%. Additionally, application of biogas slurry also increased the organic carbon content in 〉 0. 25 mm soil water-stable aggregates significantly. Pepper growth experiment showed that the effects of dif- ferent dilution ratio of biogas slurry and water on pepper growth were not identical. The plant height, leaf numbers, branch numbers, chlorophyll contents and the yield of pepper reached a relatively high level with 1 ： 2 - 1 ： 4 biogas slurry applied. However, in the 1：1 and undiluted solution biogas slurry treatments, these indicators were relatively lower. Therefore, applica- tion of biogas slurry with dilution of 1：2 - 1：4 was recommended. However, the long-term effect need to be further studied.

关 键 词：沼液 pH值 EC值 有机碳 土壤结构 辣椒 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] S141[农业科学—园艺学]