负压灌溉对黄瓜产量品质及水氮利用效率的影响  

Effects of negative pressure irrigation on yield,quality and water and nitrogen use efficiency of cucumber

作　　者：李生平[1] 武雪萍[1] 党建友 裴雪霞 高丽丽[1] 李景[1] 王碧胜 梁国鹏[1] 龙怀玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/耕地培育技术国家工程实验室,北京100081 [2]山西农业科学院小麦研究所,山西临汾041000

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2017年第2期55-62,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2013AA102901)

摘　　要：采用新型负压灌溉,研究了不同供水负压和氮肥水平对黄瓜产量、品质及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,负压灌溉可以显著提高黄瓜产量和水氮利用效率、改善黄瓜品质。与常规灌溉水氮处理(W1N1)相比,负压灌溉水氮处理(W2N1和W3N1)黄瓜产量分别提高了69.3%、20.1%;水分利用效率提高了149.8%、165.6%;氮肥表观利用率提高了52.3%和23.7%;通过因子分析方法和综合评价得出,影响黄瓜品质的关键因子依次为:果实内质因子(45.38%)、果实数量因子(36.32%)和商品瓜率因子(21.10%),说明黄瓜果实的营养成分是影响果实品质最主要的因子,再次为果实数量和商品瓜率因子。综合分析不同水氮处理对黄瓜产量、水氮利用率和品质的影响,推荐W2N1和W3N1两个处理即供水水头为-5 k Pa、-10 k Pa,施氮量(N)为0.3 g/kg为较适宜水氮组合方案。To study the effects of different water supply tension and nitrogenous fertilizer amount on yield, quality and water and nitrogen use efficiency of cucumber, a pot experiment was conducted, using a negative pressure water supplying. Results showed that negative pressure irrigation increased yield and water use efficiency of cucumber and improved the quality of cucum- ber. Yield, water use efficiency and apparent N recovery at W2N1 were 69. 3%, 149.8% and 52. 3% higher than those at conventional treatment （W1N1） ; Yield, water use efficiency and apparent N recovery at W3N1 were 20. 1% , 165.6% and 23.7% higher than those at conventional treatment （ W1N1 ） . The primary factors affecting the quality of cucumber were fruit interior quality （45.38%）, amount （36. 32% ） and marketable fruit rate （21.10%） by the method of factor analysis and comprehensive evaluation. The above results indicated that W2N1 and W3N1 were more suitable for cucumber growth.

关 键 词：负压灌溉 水氮处理 黄瓜 因子分析 果实品质 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]