复杂环境下的GPS/BDS/GLONASS结合的单频RTK定位性能研究  

Performance study of GPS/BDS/GLONASS integrated single frequency RTK in complex urban environments

作　　者：马丹[1] 徐莹[2] 鲁洋 吴昊[2] 毛艳玲[1] 王策[2] MA Dan XU Ying LU Yang WU Hao MAO Yanling WANG Ce(Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002 College of Geometics, Shanclong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590 Computer and Technologies Holdings Limited, Hongkong 999077)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学资源与环境学院福建省土壤环境健康与调控重点实验室,福州350002 [2]山东科技大学测绘科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590 [3]科联系统集团,香港999077

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第2期253-263,272,共12页Journal of Central China Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：福建省教育厅项目(JAS160179);国家留学基金委资助项目(201607870010)

摘　　要：为考察GPS/BDS/GLONASS结合的单频RTK定位模式在复杂城市环境下的定位优势,该文在香港采集一个参考站和7个流动站的GNSS数据,通过LAMBDA模糊度搜索方法和R-ratio检验得到单系统、双系统、多系统GNSS单频RTK的定位精度,分析在复杂观测环境下不同系统单频RTK定位性能.结果表明:1)在良好的观测条件下,多系统定位精度最高,双系统次之,单系统最差,都能达到厘米级的定位精度;2)在复杂环境下,部分单系统单频RTK很难实现双差定位,总体上双系统比单系统定位精度高,GLONAS+BDS的定位精度最差,但都难以实现高精度定位;3)多系统单频RTK可定位精度最高,可用于高精度的城市导航定位;4)观测环境与GNSS单频RTK定位精度具有明显的相关性.Focusing on performance of GPS＋BDS＋GLONASS single-frequency RTK in complex urban areas,GNSS were observed at one reference station and seven rover stations in HongKong.The LAMBDA method and R-ratio test were used for ambiguity resolution.The positioning performances of seven single-frequency RTK choices（GPS alone,GLONASS alone,BDS alone,GPS＋GLONASS,GPS＋BDS,BDS＋GLO-NASS,and GPS＋BDS＋GLONASS）were evaluated in complex urban environments.The results show that：1）Positioning precisions for single frequency RTK are able to reach centimeters level under good observation conditions.The best performance is obtained from the single-frequency RTK by using GPS＋GLONASS＋BDS compared with the other choices,followed by dual-systems,and worst for single-system.2）Under relatively inferior observation conditions,some single-system single-frequency RTK can hardly implement positioning successfully.Generally,the positioning accuracy of dualsystem is higher than single-systems.The positioning accuracy of GLONAS＋BDS is the worst among all dual-systems.But single-system and dual-system are not capable of positioning at high precision level.3）Positioning accuracy of multiple system single-frequency RTK reaches centimeter level and would be widely used in urban navigation of high accuracy.4）Positioning accuracy of seven GNSS mode is obviously correlated positively with observation conditions.

关 键 词：GPS/GLONASS/BDS 单频 RTK定位 复杂环境 LAMBDA 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]