超高水头大泄量竖井旋流泄洪洞消能机理数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Energy Dissipation Rate of Vortex Shaft Spillway with Super-high Water-head

作　　者：何军龄 吴宝琴[1] 蒋俏芬 姜攀[1] 尹进步[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2017年第4期135-138,62,共5页Water Resources and Power

摘　　要：鉴于传统模型试验对竖井内旋转水流的流速测量难度较大,采用Realizableκ-ε双方程紊流模型,并结合VOF法,对某一超高水头大泄量竖井旋流泄洪洞进行数值模拟,对比分析了水流流态、空腔直径、井壁压强及旋流角等水力要素的模型试验和数值模拟结果,在此基础上,计算了不同断面的能量大小,获得了竖井旋流泄洪洞各部位的消能形式及消能率分布。结果表明,竖井起始部位主要消去旋转水流的切向动能,占总能量损失的6.19%;中间部位主要消去旋转水流的位能,占总能量损失的21.18%;下半部位利用环状水跃及水垫池消去旋转水流大部分的剩余能量,占总能量损失的58.69%。It is difficult to measure the velocity of vertical shaft spillway with traditional model test. The Realizable κ-ε double equation turbulent model and VOF method were adopted to simulate the flow in vortex shaft spillway which has super-high water-head and large discharge. The simulated flow pattern features, cavity radius, pressure distribution and rotational angle were obtained and compared with those of the experiment. By calculating the energy of each section, we found the mechanism of energy dissipation in vertical vortex spillway： the upper part of shaft mainly eliminates the tangential kinetic energy of rotational flow, which accounts for 6.19% of the total energy loss; the middle part of the shaft mainly eliminates the potential energy of rotational flow, which accounts for 21.18% of the total energy loss; while the lower part mainly use the annular hydraulic jump and water cushion to eliminate most of the residual energy of flow, which accounts for 58.69% of the total energy loss.

关 键 词：竖井旋流泄洪洞 数值模拟 水力特性 消能机理 

分 类 号：TV651.13[水利工程—水利水电工程]