固体核径迹研究进展  

Advances in Studies of Nuclear Tracks in Solids

作　　者：郭士伦[1] 张东海[2] 王宇钢[3] GUO Shi-lun ZHANG Dong-hai WANG Yu-gang(China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275 （96）, Beijing 102413, China Institute of Modern Physics, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, Chin School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院 [2]山西师范大学现代物理研究所,山西临汾041000 [3]北京大学物理学院北京大学核物理与核技术国家重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《山西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期40-49,共10页Journal of Shanxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：近几年来,固体核径迹研究取得了显著进展.本文综合国内外文献和在日本神户召开的第26届国际固体核径迹会议(2014年9月15日~19日)交流的成果,对以下几方面的进展作了重点介绍:(1)固体核径迹基础研究:包括荧光核径迹探测器的出现和优异特性,核乳胶发展的新生机,固体气泡探测器刻度新方法的提出.(2)固体核径迹在核物理、激光加速、激光核聚变和核武器禁产核查中的应用;包括弹核碎裂反应(Projectile fragmentation)有两个反应道:散裂(Spallation)和爆裂(Burst)的提出,CR-39固体核径迹探测器已成为激光加速和激光核聚变研究的主要探测器之一,固体径迹探测器在核武器禁产核查中具有不可或缺的作用.(3)地学应用;包括不需要核反应堆照射而采用激光熔蚀电感耦合等离子质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)的裂变径迹年代学测定方法的成功,裂变径迹热年代学已经成为独立学科.(4)基于核径迹的纳米-微米科学技术的发展.这些国内外的新发展为我国固体核径迹研究提供了启示和新的研究方向.Remarkable advances have been made in the studies of nuclear tracks in solids in recent years.The following points of the achievements will be described in the article based on the new publications in China and in the world and presented at the 26 th International Conference on Nuclear Tracks in Solids held in Kobe（ Japan）,15 ~ 19 September,2014：（1）Fundamental research on nuclear tracks in solids,which includes the advent and unique features of Fluorescent Nuclear Track Detector（FNTD）,new vitality in the development of nuclear emulsions,putting forward of a new technique to calibrate bubble detectors;（2）Applications of nuclear tracks in solids in nuclear physics,laser acceleration,laser-induced fusion and nuclear safeguards,which include proposition of two channels（spallation and burst）existed in projectile fragmentation,CR-39 has become one of the most important detectors for the studies of laser acceleration and laserinduced fusion reaction,solid state nuclear track detectors（SSNTD）have become indispensable tools in carrying out inspection of unlawful manufacture of nuclear weapons;（3）Application in earth science,which includes the successful test to adopt Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry（LA-ICP-MS）instead of nuclear reactors in fission track dating,fissiontrack geo-thermochronology has become an independent research field in track science.（4）Development of nm-μm technologies based on nuclear tracks.Deep stimulation and enlightenment have been given to researchers on the emerged new directions by the new advances in the studies of nuclear tracks in solids in recent years.

关 键 词：蚀刻型固体核径迹探测器 核乳胶 固体气泡探测器 荧光核径迹探测器(FNTD) 最新进展 

分 类 号：O572.1[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]