团头鲂3个选育群体遗传潜力的微卫星分析  

Genetic potential analysis of three selective breeding populations of blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)using microsatellite markers

作　　者：唐首杰[1] 毕详[2] 王成辉[1] 张飞明[2] 张友良[2] 谢志强[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海市松江区水产良种场,上海201616

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2017年第2期59-68,共10页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2013)第2-3号];国家自然科学基金重点项目(30630051)

摘　　要：为从遗传多样性的角度了解团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)3个选育群体的遗传潜力,该研究以团头鲂"浦江1号"选育奠基群体(F_0)为对照组,采用14个多态性转录组微卫星标记评估了团头鲂3个选育群体的遗传多样性,分析其遗传潜力。结果显示,3个选育群体平均每个位点的等位基因数(A)为7.928 6~8.785 7,有效等位基因数(A_E)为4.409 4~4.878 4,观察杂合度(H_O)为0.491 1~0.574 4,期望杂合度(HE)为0.741 3~0.751 8,多态信息含量(PIC)为0.691 2~0.705 2,近交系数(FIS)为0.229~0.352。3个选育群体的遗传多样性水平(AE、HE)均高于F0群体,但不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。3个选育群体的有效群体大小(N_e)为11.0~29.3,在近期可能经历过遗传瓶颈。3个选育群体间D_A、D_(SW)遗传距离分别为0.175 4~0.358 8、0.804 7~1.054 4。该结果表明,3个选育群体的遗传多样性较高,遗传潜力较大,但因有效群体数量较少和瓶颈效应的影响,存在杂合度下降和近交衰退的风险,今后需采取科学措施来保护选育群体的遗传潜力。amblycephala）, the genetic diversity were assessed in four populations [three selective breeding populations and one foundation population （F0） of “Pujiang No.1” selected strain] of blunt snout breamon 14 polymorphic transcriptomic microsatellite loci. The parameters of genetic variabilities in three selective breeding populations are summarized as follows： the average number of alleles （A） was 7.928 6～8.785 7; the average number of effective alleles （AE） was 4.409 4～4.878 4; the value of average observed heterozygosity （HO） was 0.491 1～0.574 4; the value of average expected heterozygosity （HE） was 0.741 3～0.751 8; the value of average polymorphism information content （PIC） was 0.691 2～0.705 2; the value of average Wright′s inbreeding coefficient （FIS） was 0.229～0.352. The genetic diversity indices of AE and HE in three selective breeding populations were higher than those in foundation population （F0）. The LSD-t test shows that no significant difference （P〉0.05） existed between foundation population （F0） and three selective breeding populations in terms of AE and HE. Estimation of effective population size （Ne） for three selective breeding populations was 11.0～29.3. Recent genetic population bottleneck was detected in three selective breeding populations. The genetic distance （DA, DSW） among three selective breeding populations were 0.175 4～0.358 8 and 0.804 7～1.054 4, respectively. Relatively high genetic diversity and genetic potential were maintained in three selective breeding populations. Low effective population size and bottleneck effect may lead to loss of heterozygosity and inbreeding depression. Scientific measures should be taken to protect the genetic potential of selective breeding populations in the future.

关 键 词：团头鲂 选育群体 遗传潜力 微卫星 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]