限制与保护:公共健康领域的个人隐私权  

Limitation and Protection:Right to Privacy in the Field of Public Health

作　　者：李燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东政法学院民商法学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《政法论丛》2017年第2期76-83,共8页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：中国法学会研究课题"传染病防治中个人权利的限制与保护"(项目编号:CLS(2013)D142);山东省高校人文社会科学研究基地民商事法律与民生研究中心资助阶段性成果

摘　　要：个人隐私权应受法律保护,但在传染病防控等公共健康领域,隐私权应受政府公共健康监控权力、医疗机构及疾病监控机构的强制报告义务、保护处于危险地位第三人健康权等因素的限制。建议在我国民法典之人格权立法中规定隐私权保护与限制的一般规范;在传染病防治场合,建立强制免费婚前医学检查制度,明确规定婚检机构应向婚检双方当事人告知婚检结果;对于与感染者有密切关系处于健康危险地位的第三人,除感染者本人有告知义务外,政府疾控部门亦有义务告知该第三人,采取合理的防治措施。为保护个人隐私权,除传统法上规定政府、医疗机构等相关主体的保密义务、追究侵害隐私权的法律责任外,更应完善公共健康领域隐私权的公法保护,制定公共健康信息隐私保护法,对政府在收集、使用、披露公共健康数据的各个不同阶段的权力运行进行规范。The patients＇ right to privacy should be protected by law, but in the field of public health, pa- tients＇ privacy right should be restrained by such factors as the government＇s public health monitoring power, the eompulsory report duty of medical institutions and department of disease control and prevention and the protection for the third person＇s right to health in a dangerous position. In the legislation of personality right law of civil code, the general rule of protection and limitation of privacy should be provided. The public law to regulate government behav- ior in publie health and to protect patients＇ right to privacy should be formulated. The system of compulsory free pre- marital medical examination should be established and medical institutions should inform both parties of the result. Department of disease control and prevention has obligation to inform the third person in a dangerous position to take reasonable measures to prevent and control diseases. In addition to the traditional laws on confidentiality obligation and responsibility of encroaching on privacy right of such related subjects as government, medical institutions, public law to protect privaey right should be perfected in public health. Public health information privacy protection law should be formulated to regulate government＇ s power in the different stages of collection, use and disclosure of health data specification.

关 键 词：公共健康 隐私权 强制报告义务 告知义务 

分 类 号：DF529[政治法律—民商法学]