成分输血前预防性用药对输血不良反应发生的影响  

Effect of Prophylactic Medication Before Blood Component Transfusion on Adverse Transfusion Reactions

作　　者：刘怡伶[1] 曾勇[2] 韦婕[3] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院输血科,广东广州510120 [2]南方医科大学南方医院临床实验研究中心,广东广州510515 [3]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院检验科,广东广州510120

出　　处：《临床医学工程》2017年第4期485-486,共2页Clinical Medicine & Engineering

摘　　要：目的探讨成分输血前预防性用药对输血不良反应发生的影响。方法回顾性分析我院2014年4月至2016年4月期间498例成分输血患者的临床资料,根据患者输血前给予的处理措施不同分为两组各249例。观察组患者在输血前进行预防性用药,对照组患者在输血前给予生理盐水。观察两组患者输血后的不良反应发生情况。结果观察组患者中,出现体温升高3例,出现过敏反应4例,不良反应发生率为2.81%;对照组患者中,出现体温升高2例,出现过敏反应5例,出现支气管痉挛、休克1例,不良反应发生率为3.21%。两组的不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论成分输血前预防性用药对输血不良反应的发生无明显预防作用,不推荐常规进行输血前预防性药物输注,科学合理地输血可在很大程度上减少输血不良反应的发生。Objective To explore the effect of prophylactic medication before blood component transfusion on adverse transfusion reactions. Methods The clinical data of 498 patients with blood component transfusion in our hospital from April 2014 to April 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. All cases were divided into two groups,with 249 cases in each group. Before blood transfusion,the control group was given normal saline,and the observation was given prophylactic medication. The incidences of adverse reactions of two groups were compared and analyzed. Results The incidence of adverse reactions of observation group was 2.81%,including 3 cases of elevated temperature and 4 cases of anaphylactic reaction; The incidence of adverse reactions of control group was 3.21%,including 2 cases of elevated temperature,5 cases of anaphylactic reaction and 1 case of bronchial spasm and shock; No statistical difference was found between two groups in the incidence of adverse reactions（P〉0.05）. Conclusions Prophylactic medication before blood component transfusion has no obvious effect on preventing adverse transfusion reactions. Regular prophylactic medication before blood transfusion is not suggested.Scientific and rational blood transfusion can reduce the incidence of adverse transfusion reactions to a large extent.

关 键 词：输血前预防性用药 输血不良反应 影响 

分 类 号：R457.13[医药卫生—治疗学]