从黄侃《声韵略说》看当前复声母问题的论争  

On the Current Controversy over the Hypothesis of Consonant Cluster as an Initial Enlightened by Huang Kan's(黄侃) Masterwork(《声韵略说》)

作　　者：李建强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院,北京100872

出　　处：《长江学术》2017年第1期115-120,共6页Yangtze River Academic

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金项目15XNL014

摘　　要：黄侃先生《声韵略说》主张研究古音要从文献中寻找各类线索,一字或有数音。这对当前的上古音研究具有指导意义。汉字不是表音文字,上古音的信息只有依靠字与字之间的关系辗转确定;但一定要坚守词的视角,在同一词的前提下,考察字与字的替代关系。文字有独立于语言之外的发展和使用规律,在有些文献中,同一字形兼指读音相远的词,必然导致一字多音。这显然与复声母无关。高本汉、雅洪托夫、白一平等人的学说,经不起汉语文献的检验。黄侃等老一辈学者根植于汉语文献而提出的解释汉语的理论,具有强大的生命力。In his masterwork Shengyun Lueshuo,Mr. HuangKan advocated that all the clues to ancient Chinese phonology lain in the literatures should be examined and one character under certain circumstances represented several different pronunciations. His work enlightens the current study of ancient Chinese phonology. Chinese characters, belonging to ideograph system, are not phonetic symbols. So the acquaintance of ancient Chinese phonology is determined by examining the clues lain deeply in the relationship between or among the characters directly or indirectly. But these characters must be limited in representing the same word and the same word principle as a precondition must be adhered. There are distinctive laws of the evolvement and usage of Chinese characters different from Chinese language. In certain literature, the same character can represent different words with the pronunciation widely different which will inevitably lead toHuangKan＂ One character with multi-pronunciation theory. Obviously this theory is opposite to the hypothesis of consonant cluster as an initial. Karlgren,J;lxon-ro8 and Baxter＇ researches can not stand the test of Chinese literature. The theories put forward by Mr. Huang Kan and other senior scholars, however, are still vital, rooted deeply in Chinese literature illuminating the Chinese language phenomena.

关 键 词：上古音 文献考证 一字多音 

分 类 号：H111[语言文字—汉语]