北京世锦赛女子链球运动员冠亚军投掷技术运动学分析  

Kinematic analysis of throwing technique of top 2 women hammer throwers in 2015 Beijing World Championships

作　　者：刘建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院田径教研室,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2017年第2期98-102,共5页Journal of Shandong Sport University

摘　　要：为了我国女子链球项目可持续发展和进一步突破,采用文献资料法、三维影像解析法和数理统计法,对2015年北京世界田径锦标赛女子链球运动员冠亚军的投掷技术进行分析。结果表明:沃尔达兹克具有出手角度大、速度快和出手点高的技术特点;张文秀出手高度偏低,最后用力阶段速度损失大。沃尔达兹克起转速度快,更注重第三圈技术的稳定性,且通过控制第三圈增速,提升第四圈增速比例,使最后一圈增速明显,由此说明第四圈是链球加速的关键阶段。沃尔达兹克最后用力阶段器械轨迹长,做功效果好;张文秀的链球运行轨迹距离不足;沃尔达兹克在第三、四圈旋转技术和身体控制都非常稳定,张文秀则出现"小-大-小-大"的变化,稳定性受到影响。张文秀在出手时刻的肩髋角过大,最后用力开始阶段肩髋扭转幅度小,影响了出手速度;而沃尔达兹克扭转阶段肩髋角小,最后用力肩髋角大,超越器械能力强。建议张文秀提高最后用力前的超越器械能力,以递增速度完成对链球的旋转加速,纠正旋转阶段的轨迹路线,从而进一步提高技术的合理性。To attain the sustainable development and breakthrough of women＇s hammer event, this study byusingthe methodsof literature, 3D imageanalysis, and mathematic statisticstoanalyzethe throwing technique of athletes who have acquired thegolden medal and silver medalin 2015 Beijing Championship. The result shows that： Anita Wlodarczyk has the larger optimum release angle and fasterrelease speed and higherangle of altitude; whereas Zhang Wenxiu＇s release angle is smaller, andtheloss of velocityof Zhang＇s techniqueisbiginthefinalexertion. The startingrotationvelocity of Wlodarczykisveryfast, and shepays moreattentiononthestabilityof thethirdturn, andincrea-ses the ratioof speed enhancinginthefourth turnthrough controllingthe speed of thethird turn, so that the crucial stage of increasing the speed of throwinghammeris thefourth turn. The trace of in-strumentof Wlodarczyk islonginthefinalexertion, and theefficiency ofpowerisverygood; Zhang goes to the opposite. Wlodarczyk＇srotationtechniqueinthe second turnand bodycontrollingisvery stable, as Zhang＇s technique appears thechanges of being ＂small-big-small-big＂ , soitaffectsthe stability of hertechnique. The angle between shoulderand hip of Zhang is too big, but it is very small in the stage ofstarting the final exertion, so it affects the release speed. While Wlodarczyk＇s angel goes tothe opposite, soherstabilityofbypassinginstrumentis stronger. The suggestions are as follows ： to enhance Zhang＇s ability ofbypassing instrumentbefore thefinal exertion, finish the rota-tional accelerationatthe speedofincreasinggradually, andcorrecttherouteoftherotationstage, so as to further improve the rationality ofher technique.

关 键 词：女子链球 优秀运动员 投掷技术 运动学特征 北京世錦赛 

分 类 号：G824.4[文化科学—体育训练]