盐酸纳洛酮在临床急症中的应用  

Application of Naloxone Hydrochloride in Clinical Emergency

作　　者：李宗康 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区桂东人民医院,广西梧州市543001

出　　处：《实用心脑肺血管病杂志》2016年第B12期82-84,共3页Practical Journal of Cardiac Cerebral Pneumal and Vascular Disease

摘　　要：目的探讨盐酸纳洛酮在临床急症治疗中的应用价值。方法选取2015年1月—2016年3月广西壮族自治区桂东人民医院收治的临床急症患者182例为研究对象。采用随机数字表法分别将72例急性乙醇中毒患者、48例阿片类药物中毒患者、32例镇静催眠药中毒患者、30例有机磷中毒患者平均分为观察组和对照组。记录急性乙醇中毒患者的疗效(痊愈、有效、无效),计算总有效率;记录阿片类药物中毒、镇静催眠药中毒患者的催醒时间,有机磷中毒患者救治情况(阿托品化时间、阿托品用量、催醒时间)、治疗前和治疗后1、24、48 h胆碱酯酶活性。结果急性乙醇中毒患者中,观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。阿片类药物中毒、镇静催眠药中毒患者中,观察组催醒时间短于照组(P<0.05)。有机磷中毒患者中,观察组阿托品化时间、催醒时间短于对照组,阿托品用量少于对照组(P<0.05);观察组治疗后48 h胆碱酯酶活性高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论盐酸纳洛酮能够有效治疗临床急症,包括急性乙醇中毒、阿片类药物中毒、镇静催眠药中毒、有机磷中毒,值得临床推广应用。Objective To explore the application value of naloxone hydrochloride in clinical emergency treatment.Methods 182 cases of clinical emergency patients admitted to Guidong People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from January 2015 to March 2016 were selected as the subjects. 72 patients with acute ethanol intoxication,48 patients with opioid poisoning,32 patients with sedative hypnotics poisoning and 30 patients with organophosphate poisoning were randomly divided into observation group and control group by random number table method. The efficacy of acute ethanol poisoning patients（ cured,effective,ineffective） and the total effective rate were recorded. Wake-up time of opioid poisoning patients and sedative hypnotic poisoning patients,treatment（ atropine of time,atropine dosage,wake-up time） and cholinesterase activity before and 1,24 and 48 h after treatment of organophosphate poisoning patients were recorded. Results In patients with acute alcoholism,the total effective rate of observation group was higher than that of control group（ P 〈 0. 05）. In patients with opioid poisoning and sedative hypnotic poisoning, wake-up time of observation group was shorter than that of control group（ P 〈0. 05）. In patients with organophosphate poisoning,atropine of time and wake-up time of observation group were shorter than those of control group, atropine dosage was less than that of control group（ P 〈 0. 05）; cholinesterase activity 48 h after treatment of observation group was higher than that of control group（ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Naloxone hydrochloride can effectively treat the clinical emergency, including acute alcoholism, opioid poisoning, sedative hypnotic poisoning and organophosphate poisoning,it is worthy of clinical application.

关 键 词：纳洛酮 急症 急性酒精中毒 服药过量 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]