胡麻种质资源、育种及遗传研究进展  

Advances in Research on Germplasm Resources,Breeding and Genetics of Flax

作　　者：伊六喜[1,2] 斯钦巴特尔[2] 贾霄云[2] 高凤云[2] 周宇[2] 王雪娇[2] 赵小庆[2] 侯建华[1] 张辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2017年第2期81-87,共7页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：内蒙古自治区研究生科研创新(B20161012914);内蒙古农牧业创新基金(2016CXJJN11);蒙古自然科学基金(2015BS0326)

摘　　要：胡麻是油用亚麻,其综合利用价值非常高。随着胡麻生产的发展,对优异胡麻资源的需求越来越大,胡麻种质的研究和利用已成为推动胡麻产业发展的重要因素。与大宗作物相比,胡麻种质资源利用率较低,品种改良方法仍局限于常规育种手段,现代分子遗传学研究落后,导致胡麻新品种选育进程缓慢,育种效率低下,限制了胡麻产业的进一步发展。本文分别从胡麻植物生物学特征、种质资源收集与利用、品种选育概况及传统遗传学、分子辅助育种等方面的研究进行了综述,供我国胡麻科研工作者参考,并期望对提高国内胡麻遗传研究与育种利用水平有所裨益。Linen, or oil - used flax, has very high comprehensive utilization value. With the devel-opment of flax production, the demand for excellent linen germplasm resources is higher which promotes flax industry development that makes research and utilization of linen germplasm more important. Com-pared to staple crops, flax germplasm resources utilization rate is much lower, and its variety improve-ment is still confined to the conventional breeding methods. Little progress made in linen genetic re-search ,especially at modern molecular levels, which led to the slow development in flax varieties im-provement ;meanwhile, inefficient flax breeding limits the further development of flax industry. In this paper, flax plant biology characteristics, germplasm resources collection and utilization, variety breeding profile, genetics, and molecular assisted breeding have been reviewed,which will provide information for domestic linen researchers, and may be helpful for improving the level of genetic research, breeding and utilization of flax resources in china.

关 键 词：胡麻 种质资源 育种 遗传 研究进展 

分 类 号：S563.2[农业科学—作物学]