叠前时间偏移在煤田地震资料处理中的应用  

The application of prestack time migration to coalfield seismic data processing

作　　者：李江[1] 李庆春[1] 张向辉 李文博 

机构地区：[1]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西西安710054 [2]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司油气勘探公司,陕西延安716000 [3]甘肃省交通科学研究院有限公司,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《物探与化探》2017年第1期171-176,共6页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20160060);国家自然科学基金项目(41374145)

摘　　要：叠前时间偏移可以实现地质构造的精细成像,同时为岩性储层预测提供高保真的高分辨率成像剖面。为了使叠前时间偏移技术能够有效应用于煤田地震资料处理,从煤田地震资料的特点出发,研究了一系列针对性的叠前预处理技术,引入了利用初至波和反射波联合层析反演建立精细偏移速度场的方法,探索建立叠前时间偏移用于实际资料的技术流程和处理措施。实际资料成像结果表明,相比叠后偏移方法,叠前时间偏移在成像精度和中深层保幅性等方面都有较大的改善,有利于煤田地震资料的精细构造解释和岩性反演。Prestack time migration can realize the fine imaging of geological structure and also provide a high resolution imaging section for lithological reseryoir prediction.In order to apply the prestack time migration technology effectively to the coal seismic data process-ing ,the authors,on the basis of the characteristics of coalfield seismic data,studied a series of prestack processing technologies, intro-duced the tomographic inversion method by using first arrival wave and reflected wave to establish fine migration velocity field,and built prestack time migration work flows and process measures which could be used to actual data.The actual data imaging results show that, compared with poststack migration method,the prestack time migration imaging result has greatly improved the imaging precision and amplitude presen, a t ion,which is helpful to the fine structure interpretation and lithological inversion of coalfield seismic data.

关 键 词：叠前时间偏移 煤田地震资料 层析反演 保幅偏移 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]