欧美天然气调峰储备体系发展经验及启示  

European and American NG peak-shaving system and its enlightenment

作　　者：沈鑫[1] 陈进殿[1] 魏传博[1] 郝迎鹏[1] SHEN Xin CHEN Jindian WEI Chuanbo HAO Yingpeng(PetroChina Planning＆Engineering Institut)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气股份有限公司规划总院

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2017年第3期43-52,共10页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：完善的调峰储备设施可有效解决上游资源供应与下游用气波动不匹配之间的矛盾,欧美发达国家调峰储气库的有效工作气量已达到全年总用气量的15%以上,确保了本国天然气供应的安全性、可靠性和连续性。欧美各国调峰储备设施的运营管理模式各具特点,与资源禀赋、能源结构、市场特点等国情充分结合,但均以满足天然气行业健康稳定发展为基本要求,颁布一系列配套的法令法规作为法律保障。与欧美发达国家相比,中国调峰储气设施建设相对滞后,冬季调峰能力不足;同时法规体系不完善,导致政企不分、责任不明、监管不力等诸多问题。未来中国的调峰储备管理体制建设可考虑分三步走,最终实现责任明确、收费合理、监管到位的市场化体制;相应的调峰储备库运营机制也可考虑分三步走,最终实现收费明晰、公开透明、充分竞争的运营机制。An excellent gas peak-shaving storage facilities can effectively solve the contradiction between upstream resource supply and downstream gas usage fluctuation and working capacity of underground gas storage in western developed countries accounted for more than 15% of the total annual gas consumption, ensuring the safety, reliability and continuity of gas supply. European and American peak-shaving operation and management modes, with their own features, are full combined with resource endowment, energy structure, market characteristics and other national conditions, but their common goal is to meet the basic requirements of the healthy and stable development of NG with a series of laws and regulations as legal protection. Compared with developed countries, China＇s NG peak-shaving facilities suffer from problems such as delaying facilities＇ construction, inadequate capacity in winter, the imperfect regulatory system, the unclear position and responsibility between the government and enterprises, and weak supervision. The future of NG peak-shaving management system in China can be built as 3 steps and ultimately to realize the market system with clearly-determined responsibility, reasonable charging and strict supervision. The corresponding operating mechanism can also be considered in 3 steps and ultimately to realize a clear, open, transparent, and fully-competed operation mechanism.

关 键 词：天然气 调峰储备 地下储气库 LNG 管理体制 运营机制 

分 类 号：F416.22[经济管理—产业经济]