"Labor Shortage" or "Difficult Employment":A Study on the Employment Problem of College Students from the Perspective of Demographic Dividend  

“民工荒”还是“就业难”:基于人口红利视角大学生就业问题研究（英文）

作　　者：王东红[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北经济学院信息管理与统计学院,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《Agricultural Science & Technology》2017年第3期548-552,共5页农业科学与技术（英文版）

基　　金：Supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(13XSH017)~~

摘　　要：[Objective] The aim was to analyze the phenomenon of employment diffi- culty and labor shortage, and to reveal the influencing factors of employment difli- culty and labor shortage. [Method] On the basis of the economic principle of popu- lation dividend, the use of human resources and natural resource constraints The IS-LM model describes these two states. [Results] The resource constraints have a ＂squeeze＂ effect on the demographic dividend, and employment pressure is shown in terms of the population opportunity window; the labor market segmentation, the ir- rational industrial structure, the backward curriculum and employment concept are the main factors affecting employment and labor shortage. [Conclusion] The way to solve this dilemma must be removed from the division of labor market, the adjust- ment of industrial structure, the setting of university specialty, the change of em- ployment concept of university graduates as well as the improvement of the quality of labor.[目的]对就业难与用工荒并存的现象进行了分析,揭示出产生就业难与用工荒的影响因素;[方法]人口红利的经济学原理的基础上,运用人力资源和自然资源约束条件的ISLM模型描述了这两种状态;[结果]资源约束对人口红利产生"挤出"效应,人口机会窗口更多的表现为就业压力;从劳动力市场分割、产业结构不合理、专业设置落后、就业理念未更新是影响就业难与用工荒主要因素;[结论]解决这两难问题的途径必须从劳动力市场分割障碍的消除、产业结构的调整、高校专业的设置、大学毕业生就业观念的改变以及劳动力素质的提高等方面入手解决。

关 键 词：Demographic dividend Employment of college students Employmentpressure IS-LM Model 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] G647.38[经济管理—国民经济]