南京春夏秸秆焚烧期间大气黑碳气溶胶来源解析  

Source Apportionment of Black Carbon Aerosol During Straw-burning Period in Spring and Summer in Nanjing

作　　者：花艳[1] 汤莉莉[1,2] 刘丹彤[3] 张运江[1] 蒋磊[1] 喻义勇[4] 傅寅[4] 陈诚[2] 秦玮[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心,江苏南京210044 [2]江苏省环境监测中心,江苏南京210036 [3]英国曼彻斯特大学地球大气与环境科学学院 [4]南京市环境监测中心站,江苏南京210013

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2017年第1期147-155,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划(D0512/91544231);江苏省环保科研课题(2015017)

摘　　要：黑碳气溶胶(black carbon,BC)严重影响大气空气质量和气候效应。在中国,每逢农作物收获期间在因秸秆焚烧产生的烟羽中会观测到高浓度的BC。然而,定量解析BC的来源仍是一大难题。该研究运用七波段黑碳仪(Aethalometer)实时在线观测,结合Aethalometer模型,对春夏秸秆焚烧期间南京地区3个观测点(城市、郊区、乡村地区)的BC进行来源解析,分析化石燃料和生物质燃烧分别对BC的贡献。结果表明,BC在南京城区、郊区和乡村整个观测期间的平均质量浓度分别为4.28、5.10、4.56μg/m^3;其中,化石燃料和生物质燃烧排放的BC其平均占比分别是是82.5%和17.5%、82.9%和17.1%、85.5%和15.5%。可见观测期间化石燃料燃烧排放源是南京地区大气中BC的主要来源。而在高浓度BC时期(~19.46μg/m^3),化石燃料和生物质燃烧排放源对BC的贡献分别为69.0%~75.6%和24.4%~31.0%;同时结合潜在源贡献函数分析发现与生物质燃烧有关的潜在源主要分布在安徽南部地区并会对南京地区大气中高浓度的BC产生很大的贡献。Black carbon aerosol（BC） in the atmosphere can strongly affect both air quality and climate.High concentration of BC has been directly observed in straw-burning plumes during harvest seasons in China.However,it is still poorly understood to identify and quantify the BC sources.Based on the real-time and on-line measurements of seven-wavelength Aethalometer and combined with the Aethalometer model,we report the contribution of fossil fuel combustion and biomassburning emission to BC during the spring and summer harvest at three sites of Nanjing,including an urban,a suburban and a rural.Results show that the mean mass concentration of BC was 4.28 μg/m3,5.10 μg/m3 and 4.56 μg/m3 for the urban,suburban and rural area respectively,during the entire study.And BC from both fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning emission averagely accounts for 82.5%and 17.5%,82.9%and 17.1%,and 85.5%and 15.5%of the total BC concentration respectively at the above sampling sites.This means that the fossil fuel combustion is the major source of BC in the atmosphere at Nanjing during the sampling period.When the average concentration of BC was very high（-19.46 μg/m3）,the contributions both of fossil fuel combustion and biomass-burning emission to BC were 69.0%-75.6%and 24.4%-31.0%.Meanwhile,the potential source contribution function suggest that biomass burning emission from south Anhui Province is a major potential source of BC over Nanjing,which may contribute the large fraction to the high BC loadings.

关 键 词：黑碳气溶胶 黑碳源解析 秸秆焚烧 南京 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]