雅典卫城修复工程--兼论几何信息实录的先进技术  

The Acropolis of Athens: The Restoration Project and the Application of Advanced Technologies in Geometric Documentation

作　　者：  陈曦(译) 

机构地区：[1]雅典卫城修复中心,雅典10555 [2]希腊林都斯卫城修复与再生委员会 [3]多德卡尼斯群岛文化中心 [4]希腊国家建筑师协会 [5]希腊技术协会 [6]希腊教育、宗教事务、文化与体育部,雅典10555 [7]希腊农业与测绘工程师协会 [8]不详

出　　处：《建筑遗产》2016年第2期71-91,共21页Heritage Architecture

摘　　要：对雅典卫城古迹进一步的修复工作于1975年启动。该项目由希腊的教育、宗教事务、文化与体育部负责实施,以面对由于自然(如地震)或人类活动(如火灾、战争或先前的修复)对雅典卫城古迹造成的严重危机。干预措施严格遵循《威尼斯宪章》的精神及可逆性原则,以保持古迹原有的建造形式。新的大理石构件只在需要确保建筑物结构稳定性的时候才会被添加进来,但铁夹和销钉都更换成了钛金属的加固构件。原初的浮雕和雕塑都被转移到卫城博物馆中,代之以人造石的仿制品;而被确认为古迹的一部分散落建筑构件则被安置回它们原初或是相应的位置。此外,文章还介绍了在卫城古迹、护墙及其基岩的实录和图示中运用的最新技术;聚焦于对雅典卫城古迹地形地脉的研究和摄影测量记录,并总结了雅典卫城修复中心工作人员已经进行的一些摄影测量研究;概要介绍了"为雅典卫城建立地理信息系统"项目的初衷和可交付成果。An extended restoration program has been in progress on the Athenian Acropolis Monuments since 1975. The project is carried out by the Hellenic Ministry of Education and Religious Affairs, Culture and Sports in order to confront serious problems due to natural causes（i.e. earthquakes） or human activities（i.e. fires, bombardments or earlier restorations）. The interventions are imbued with the spirit of the Venice Charter and follow the principle of reversibility. Effort is placed to keep the original construction form of the monuments. New marble is used for supplements only as to ensure the structural stability of the buildings, while iron clamps and dowels are being replaced by reinforcements made of titanium. The authentic relief and sculptures are removed to the Acropolis museum and replaced by casts in artificial stone, while scattered architectural fragments recognized as belonging to the monuments are reset in their original or a corresponding position. The article also includes the results of the most recent activities in the application of advanced technologies for the documentation and graphic mapping of the Acropolis monuments, the circuit walls and the bedrock. The description focuses on the topographic and photogrammetric recording of the Acropolis and summarizes some of the photogrammetric studies already conducted by the staff of the Acropolis Restoration Service. A brief synopsis of the basic aims and the deliverables of the project ＇Development of Geographic Information Systems at the Acropolis of Athens＇ are also included.

关 键 词：卫城 修复 文化遗产 摄影测量 三维建模 帕提农神庙 山门 

分 类 号：TU-87[艺术—艺术设计] TU252[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]