独山泥炭藓沼泽湿地五种泥炭藓植物持水特性研究  

Study on Water-holding Characteristics of Five Sphagnum Species in Dushan Sphagnum Wetland

作　　者：麻俊虎 李大华[1] 彭涛[1] 李飞[1] 文浩斌 莫秀模 周建忠 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学,生命科学学院,生物多样性研究中心,贵阳550001 [2]独山县林业局,独山558200

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2017年第3期1170-1176,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：贵州省自然科学基金(黔科合LH字[2016]7206);贵州师范大学博士基金(2014);深圳市南亚热带植物多样性重点实验室开放课题(2016)共同资助

摘　　要：泥炭藓植物是泥炭藓沼泽湿地生态系统中的主要成分,具有很强的持水能力,发挥着重要的生态功能。然而,沼泽湿地泥炭藓植物生态位重叠率高,很少有人关注其种间持水能力的差异。本研究选取独山泥炭藓沼泽湿地习见的五种泥炭藓植物,采用室内浸泡法,探究它们的持水特性。研究结果表明:泥炭藓单位面积持水量最大为364.64 t/hm2;卵叶泥炭藓吸水能力最强,能吸收自身质量26.61倍的水分;持水率大小依次为:卵叶泥炭藓(2 661%)>多纹泥炭藓(2 611%)>偏叶泥炭藓(2 216%)>拟宽叶泥炭藓(1 984%)>泥炭藓(1 698%);失水率大小表现为:偏叶泥炭藓(1 281%)>拟宽叶泥炭藓(993%)>卵叶泥炭藓(945%)>多纹泥炭藓(762%)>泥炭藓(541%);五种泥炭藓植物持水量及持水率在1 h内增长最快,之后逐渐减缓;五种泥炭藓植物中偏叶泥炭藓失水率增长最快,其余四种失水率以比较平稳的速度增加,它们的失水率均符合y=klnx+b关系式;吸水速率及失水速率与时间的关系为Y=kxb。本研究可为贵州独山县都柳江源湿地省级自然保护区泥炭藓植物多样性保护、泥炭藓水文功能研究及沼泽湿地生态环境恢复研究提供科学依据。Sphagnum plant is the main ingredient in Sphagnum swamp wetland ecosystem. It has strong ability of holding water and plays an important role in ecological function. However, the overlap rate of swampy Sphagnum plant ecological niche is high, few people pays close attention to its interspecific differences in water holding capacity. This research selected 5 common species of Sphagnum plants of Du Shan marsh wetland. Through quantitative evaluation of their holding water characteristics by indoor soaking method, studied their water holding characteristics The results showed that Sphagnum palustre water holding capacity per-unit area up to 364.64 t/hm2;The strongest specific retention comes from S. ovatum, it can absorb its 26.61 times the mass of the water; The specificretention in the order： S. ovatum（2 661%）S. multifibrosum（2 611%）S. subsecundum（2 216%）S. platyphylloides（194%）S. palustre（1 698%）. Water loss rate in the order： S. subsecundum（1 281%）S. platyphylloides（993%）S. ovatum（945%）S. multifibrosum（762%）S. palustre（541%）. 5 species of sphagnum plant water holding capacity and specific retention fastest growing within 1 h. and then, it slowed down; In 5 kinds of Sphagnum plant, the water loss rate of S. subsecundum grew the fastest. The water loss rate of other kinds increased at a steady speed, their relational expression were both accorded with the y=klnx＋b; Relationship between water absorption rate, water loss rate and their time was accorded with Y=kxb. Research results can be used for the scientific basis of Sphagnum plant diversity protection. This study could be used for the protection of plant diversification and hydrological function research of Sphagnum, provided scientific basis for ecological environment restoration of marsh wetland in Duliu River Wetland Nature Reserve in Dushan, Guizhou.

关 键 词：泥炭藓 沼泽湿地 持水特性 独山 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]