弱光对黄瓜幼苗光合特性及Rubisco酶的影响  

Effect of Low Light on Photosynthesis and Rubisco of Cucumber Seedlings

作　　者：孙建磊[1] 王崇启[1] 肖守华[1] 高超[1] 李利斌[1] 曹齐卫[1] 王晓[1] 董玉梅[1] 焦自高[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所/山东省设施蔬菜生物学重点实验室/国家蔬菜改良中心山东分中心,山东济南250100

出　　处：《核农学报》2017年第6期1200-1209,共10页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省农业科学院青年科研基金项目(2015YQN29);山东省农业良种工程项目(2014-03-07)

摘　　要：为进一步探讨黄瓜耐弱光性的特性,对戴多星和津研2号2个黄瓜品种进行弱光胁迫处理(光照强度75~100μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)),以600μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)光照强度为对照,研究弱光胁迫下其生理生化指标、光合活性、荧光特性、Rubisco活性、Rubisco大小亚基蛋白含量及基因表达的变化。结果表明,弱光处理后,黄瓜气孔发育受到抑制,气孔开张度、气孔密度和气孔指数均有所降低,且津研2号表现更为明显,所有指标均降低20%以上。黄瓜叶片叶绿素含量、植株净光合速率(Pn),气孔导度(Gs),PSⅡ实际量子效率(ΦPSⅡ),Rubisco活力、Rubisco大小亚基蛋白含量及基因表达均明显降低,其中津研2号所有指标均下降30%以上。与津研2号相比,戴多星的色素含量较高,光能捕获和利用能力较强,分配于光合作用的量子产量较高,Rubisco活性、Rubisco大小亚基蛋白含量及大小亚基基因表达较高,因而Pn相对降低较少(30.9%,津研2号下降54.5%),表现出较强的耐弱光性。本研究结果为黄瓜耐弱光机理的深入研究及耐弱光黄瓜品种的选育栽培提供了参考依据。In order to elucidate the tolerance of cucumber to low light irradiance,two cultivars of cucumber Deltastar and Jinyan 2 were used to determine the effect of low light stress（ 75 to 100 μmol·m^（-2）·s^（-1）） on plant physiological and biochemical indexes,photosynthesis,fluorescence Characteristics,Rubisco activity,Rubisco large and small subunit protein contents and their gene expression of cucumber plants,compared with the light intensity of the control treatment（ 600μmol·m^（-2）·s^（-1））. Results showed that the stomata development of leaves had been restrained under low light,especially for Jinyan 2,the stomatal openness,stomatal density and stomatal index decreased by more than 20%. After treated with the low light,leaf chlorophyll content,the net photosynthetic rate（ Pn）,stomatal conductance（ Gs）,actual quantum yield of PSII,Rubisco activity,Rubisco large and small subunit protein contents and their transcript levels had obviously decreased,and Jinyan 2 decreased by more than 30%. Compared with Jinyan 2,Deltastar maintained a higher pigment content,and showed strong ability to capture and utilize the light energy. The distribution of photosynthesis was higher in quantum yield,and higher rubisco activity,Rubisco size subunit protein content and size subunit gene expression. Thus Deltastar may possess low-light tolerance with a lower decrease of Pn by 30. 9%,while for Jinyan 2,the Pn decreased by 54. 5 %. Thus,Pn of Deltastar and Jinyan 2 was 30. 9% and 54. 5% lower than that of CK,respectively,and showed strong resistance to low light. The results of this study provided a reference for the further study of low light resistance mechanism of cucumber and the selection and cultivation of low light cucumber varieties.

关 键 词：黄瓜 弱光 光合特性 Rubisco活力 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]