某综合性医院2013年-2015年医院感染率与医院感染现患率的比较分析  

Comparative analysis of prevalence rates and nosocomial infection rates in a hospital during 2013-2015

作　　者：邵明鑫[1] 王中军[2] 王虹[1] 张东峰[3] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学附属青岛市市立医院感染管理科,山东青岛266011 [2]青岛大学附属医院市南院区检验科,山东青岛266003 [3]青岛大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,山东青岛266021

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2017年第6期881-883,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：中国国家自然科学基金资助项目(81171774)

摘　　要：目的比较某院2013年-2015年医院感染全年调查与现患率调查情况,研究医院感染现患率调查对全年医院感染情况的代表性,分析影响医院感染发生率的危险因素与抗菌药物的合理应用情况。方法对2013年10月31日、2014年6月6日、2015年6月13日所有住院患者进行调查,填写统一现患率调查表。同时对3年出院患者进行回顾性调查。结果 2013年-2015年全院出院人数95 430人,感染例数2 317例,医院感染率为2.43%。感染部位以下呼吸道感染为主,占比超过40%。全院调查60 154例住院患者中22 435例使用抗菌药物,使用率为37.30%,治疗使用抗菌药物11 202人,占49.93%。病原学送检7 526例,病原学送检率为67.18%。结论医院感染现患率能较好地反映全年医院感染情况,但抗菌药物使用与病原学送检仍为全年监测更客观指标。Objective To evaluate the prevalence rate and nosocomial infection rates in a hospital from 2013 to 2015,and to study the representiveness of prevalence rate surveillance of nosocomial infection for the status of nosocomial infection in the whole year,so as to analyze the factors affecting nosocomial infection rates and the rational use of antibiotics. Methods The patients who were hospitalized on Oct 31,2013,June 6,2014,and June 13,2015 were investigated to fill out the uniform tables of prevalence. A retrospective study was carried on in the patients with discharge from hospital in three years. Results 95 430 patients discharged from our hospital during 2013-2015,of whom 2 317 patients experienced nosocomial infections,with the nosocomial infection rate of 2. 43%. More than 40% patients suffered lower respiratory tract infection; and among the 60 154 inpatients participating in the investigation,22 435 patients were treated with antibiotics,with the antimicrobial use rate of37. 30%. Treatment using antibacterial drugs was performed on 11 202 people,accounting for 49. 93%. Pathogenic monitoring was performed in 7 526 patients. The pathogenic detection rate was 67. 18%. Conclusion Nosocomial infection prevalence rate can reflect the whole hospital infection status,but antimicrobial drug use and pathogenic submission is the more objective annual monitoring index.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]