4个四倍体玫瑰香味鲜食葡萄品种与其亲本果实香气成分分析  

Analysis of the aromatic compounds of four tetraploid muscat flavor grapes and their diploid parents

作　　者：谭伟[1] 唐晓萍[1] 董志刚[1] 李晓梅[1] TAN Wei TANG Xiaoping DONG Zhigang LI Xiaomei(Pomology Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultual Science＂ Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院果树研究所.果树种质创制和利用山西省重点实验室,太原030031

出　　处：《果树学报》2017年第4期435-443,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划"鲜食葡萄新品种选育"(2013BAD02B04-03);国家葡萄产业技术体系(CARS-30-yz-4);山西省农业科学院院攻关项目"设施无核翠宝葡萄优质高效栽培模式研究"(YGG1503)

摘　　要：【目的】分析4个四倍体玫瑰香味鲜食葡萄品种的芳香化合物组分,为深入了解四倍体葡萄品种提供理论依据。【方法】以4个四倍体玫瑰香味鲜食葡萄品种(‘早黑宝’‘秋黑宝’‘晚黑宝’和‘四倍体玫瑰香’)及其二倍体亲本‘瑰宝’‘早玫瑰香’‘秋红’‘玫瑰香’成熟期果实为材料,利用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用技术对果实的芳香化合物组分进行测定,采用面积归一法对香气成分进行定量。【结果】各品种果实芳香物质成分种类和相对含量差异较大。醛类物质相对含量最高,其中2-己烯醛占34.40%~49.81%,‘四倍体玫瑰香’与亲本‘玫瑰香’无显著差异,‘早黑宝’和‘晚黑宝’均低于亲本,而‘秋黑宝’介于父母本中间;己醛占16.28%~28.43%,‘四倍体玫瑰香’显著高于‘玫瑰香’,‘早黑宝’与‘瑰宝’无显著差异,但低于父本‘早玫瑰香’,‘秋黑宝’和‘晚黑宝’均高于‘瑰宝’,但低于父本‘秋红’或与‘秋红’无显著差异。除‘秋红’外,其余7个葡萄果实中均含有相对含量较高的萜烯醇(7.24%~28.60%),‘四倍体玫瑰香’最高,‘早玫瑰香’最低,‘四倍体玫瑰香’仅比‘玫瑰香’高出3.94%,‘早黑宝’分别比父母本高出20.22%、2.07%,而‘晚黑宝’和‘秋黑宝’分别比母本低13.21%、7.87%。【结论】里那醇和香叶醇对7个玫瑰香味葡萄品种果实香气贡献最大。二倍体玫瑰香味葡萄加倍后,主要呈香物质相对含量未因染色体加倍而加倍,而与亲本玫瑰香味浓郁程度有关。8个葡萄品种果实芳香物质中的主要成分是C6醛。[Objective] In recent years, breeders and consumers pay more and more attention to tetraploid grapes because of their big berry size with less seeds and their high yields. The researchers at the Pomology Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science bred three tetraploid grape varieties from colchicine treated hybrid seeds, including ‘Zaoheibao＇ ‘Qiuheibao＇ and ‘ Wanheibao＇ with a rose fragrance. While representing one of the inherent properties of grapes, there has been no research on the analysis of the aro- ma composition between tetraploid and diploid grapes. In order to provide a theoretical basis for further un- derstanding of tetraploid grapes, the aromatic compounds of fruits during their ripening period, we ana- lyzed four tetraploid table grapes with muscat flavor including ‘Zaoheibao＇ ‘Qiuheibao＇ ‘Wanheibao＇ and ‘Tetraploid Muscat Hamburg＇ as well as their diploid parents including ‘Guibao＇ ‘Zaomeiguixiang＇ ‘Christmas Rose＇ and ‘Muscat Hamburg＇. [Methods]The berries were collected during August-September 2013 from eight grape vines grown in the breeding vineyards of the Pomology Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science in Taigu, China. The samples were frozen using liquid nitrogen and stored in anultra-low temperature freezer. Then the aromatic compounds of the samples were determined in the Col- lege of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University in Taian, China, using a solid phase micro-extraction （SPME） and gas chromatograghy-mass spectrometry （GC/MS）. According to the mass spectrometer ion scanning map, the aromatic compounds were quantitatively analyzed by using the area normalization method, taking the average score of 3 repeated tests as the basis for the relative con- tent of the aroma component. All collected data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 and Excel software for statis- tical analysis. [Results] There were significant differences in types and relative content of the aromatic components among the ei

关 键 词：四倍体葡萄 二倍体葡萄 芳香化合物 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]