2015年北京市通州区成年居民吸烟状况分析  

Analysis of smoking status among adult residents in Tongzhou District of Beijing,2015

作　　者：杨冬梅[1] 刘思佳[1] 邵春昕[1] 吴士艳 贾卫兰[1] 吴芹[1] YANG Dong-mei LIU Si-fia SHAO Chun-xin WU Shi-yan JIA Wei-lan WU Qin(Tongzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 101100, China)

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心,北京101100 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2017年第3期232-235,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的了解北京市通州区成年居民的吸烟状况。方法采用PPS抽样和配额抽样,对通州区15个乡镇(街道)、66个行政村(居委会)的7319名常住成年居民进行吸烟情况问卷调查,内容包括人口学特征、吸烟率、烟龄、平均每天吸烟支数、有无戒烟打算等。结果北京市通州区18岁及以上常住居民吸烟率为37.7%;男性吸烟率70.5%,女性吸烟率为4.8%,男性吸烟率明显高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);吸烟率最高的年龄段为50~59岁,其次为40~49岁;初中文化、离婚、生产运输人员吸烟率较高;在吸烟的人中,平均每日吸烟支数15~24支居民的比例最高;女性吸烟者吸烟支数在5支以下比例明显高于男性,10支以上比例明显低于男性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,影响成年居民吸烟的因素主要为性别(OR=55.815,95%CI:46.416~67.118)、年龄(OR=0.793,95%CI:0.640~0.982)、婚姻状况(OR=1.488,95%CI:1.188~1.863)、文化程度(OR=1.870,95%CI:1.319~2.477)、职业(OR=0.755,95%CI:0.578~0.986)。女性是吸烟行为的保护因素;随着年龄的上升发生吸烟行为的危险升高,其中50~59岁风险最大;随着文化程度的升高发生吸烟行为的危险降低。结论通州区成年居民吸烟率较高,烟草控制仍然面临着巨大挑战。Objective To understand the smoking status among adult residents in Tongzhou District of Beijing. Methods Adopting PPS sampling and quota sampling method, 7319 local adults were selected from 66 administrative villa- ges/neighborhood committees in 15 towns/streets in Tongzhou District. A questionnaire survey of smoking was conducted a- mong the participants, including demographic characteristics, smoking rates, smoking history, the average numbers of cig- arettes smoked per day, the thoughts of quitting smoking. Results In Tongzhou District, the smoking rate was 37.7% a- mong permanent residents aged 18 and over. The male smoking rate was 70. 5% , female smoking rate was 4. 8% , and the male smoking rate was significantly higher than the female （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The highest smoking rate was the age group aged 50 -59 years old, then followed by group aged 40 -49 years old. People who were at junior high school education, divorced, working for production and transport had higher smoking rate. The percentage of amount of residents who took cigarettes per day 15 to 24 was the highest. The percentage of amount of cigarette under 5 in female was significantly higher than that of male, the percentage of amount of cigarette above 10 in female was significantly lower than that of male, the differences were statistically significance （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main factors for smoking adult residents were gender （ OR = 55. 815, 95% CI： 46. 416 - 67. 118）, age （ OR = 0. 793, 95% CI： 0. 640 - 0. 982）, marital status （ OR = 1. 488, 95% CI： 1. 188 - 1. 863 ） , education （ OR = 1. 870, 95% CI： 1.319 - 2. 477 ）, and occu- pation （ OR =0. 755, 95% CI： 0.578 -0. 986）. Femalewas the protective factor of smoking behavior. The risk of the occur- rence of smoking behavior was increased with age increasing, group aged 50 - 59 years old had greatest risk. As education level increased, the risk of the occurrence of smoking behavior was reduced. Conclusio

关 键 词：成年人 居民 吸烟 吸烟率 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]