新疆植物分布区特征及其与气候和丰富度的关系  

Vascular plant range size patterns and the relationship with climate and plant richness in Xinjiang region,China

作　　者：李利平[1] 贾秀红[2] 尹林克[3] LI LiPing JIA XiuHong YIN LinKe(Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bering 100101, China College of Horticulture ＆ Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所,北京100101 [2]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉430070 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2017年第3期314-324,共11页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:81503183;81560660)资助

摘　　要：结合新疆地区维管束植物分布本底数据,本文分析了新疆地区维管束植物的分布区特征.按照经纬度,将新疆地区划分为0.1°×0.1°的栅格,植物分布区以其所占据的栅格数表示;区域植物分布区指在一个区域(栅格)中出现的所有植物的分布区特征的中值.首先,计算新疆地区所有维管束植物的分布区特征及相互关系;其次,根据单个物种的分布范围,叠加每个栅格内分布的植物的分布区面积(RA)和分布幅度,其中值作为栅格的植物分布区属性,分析其地理分布格局;最后,分析栅格的植物分布区属性与气候和植物丰富度的关系.研究发现,新疆地区植物RA、南北和东西分布幅度的x分别是1344,51和89个栅格,中值分别是366,42和74个栅格,为右偏格局,即大部分的物种有较小的分布区和分布幅度;物种的RA和分布幅度为正相关关系;区域上,植物RA在北疆较小,尤其是阿尔泰山和伊犁地区,而在南疆较大,尤其是塔里木盆地;年降水和年均温均显著影响植物的分布区特征,随着年降水的增加,RA和分布幅度减小,而随着年均温的增加,RA和分布幅度先减少后增加;区域上,植物RA和分布幅度随植物丰富度的增加单调递减.With the regional plant richness distribution data, we explored the plant range size patterns in Xinjiang region of China.We divided Xinjiang into grid cells of 0.1°×0.1°. The plant range size characters, including range area（RA）, extent north-south（NS） and extent east-west（EW） were indicated by the grid cells each plant covered. We firstly calculated the range size characters of all vascular plants originated in Xinjiang region. Then the range sizes of plants distributed in a grid cell were overlaid to obtain the range size characters of a grid cell, i.e., regional patterns. Lastly, the relationship of the range size characters and climate, plant richness were analyzed. We found that in Xinjiang region： Mean RA, NS and EW are 1344, 51 and 89 grid cells and the median values are 366, 42 and 74 grid cells, respectively. The frequency distribution is right-skewed, i.e., most plant species is of a small range. The range area is positively correlated with extent NS and EW. In the regional scale, RA is smaller in the north than in the south, especially in the Altay mountains and Yili valley of north, and Tarim basin in the south. With the increase of mean annual precipitation（MAP）, the range size decreases significantly, while with the increase of mean annual temperature（MAT）, the plant range size decreases then increases. The regional plant range size decreases significantly with the increase of plant richness.

关 键 词：植物分布区 分布区面积(RA) 分布幅度 气候 植物多样性 新疆 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]