兰新高铁沿线不同挡沙墙防护效果评价  

Protection Effect of Different Kinds of Sand-barriers along Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-speed Railway

作　　者：李凯崇 石龙 孔令伟 蒋富强 LI Kai - chong SHI Long KONG Ling - wei JIANG Fu - qiang(Northwest Research Institute Co. Ltd of CREC, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中铁西北科学研究院有限公司,兰州730000

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2017年第3期11-14,21,共5页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

基　　金：中国中铁股份有限公司科技开发计划课题(2015-KJ035-G004-03)

摘　　要：研究目的:兰新高铁作为我国穿越大风戈壁荒漠区的第一条高速铁路,在运营过程中不可避免地会遇到风沙问题。为保障列车的安全运营,在线路两侧布设了多种防沙措施,取得了一定的效果。但由于铁路具有运距长、地域跨度大等特点,在一些区段,虽然布设了风沙防护措施,依然出现了风沙灾害。本文主要利用现场实测等研究手段,探讨兰新高铁戈壁大风区不同挡沙墙的风沙防护效果,以期为后期的工程维养和补充设计提供一定的技术支持。研究结论:(1)受挡沙墙影响,墙体前后会出现明显的气流扰动,3种挡沙墙中斜插板挡沙墙的消能效果最高,高立式PE网沙障次之,直插板挡沙墙最弱;(2)挡沙墙的阻沙率随高度的增加显现降低的趋势,在4 m高度内,高立式PE网沙障的阻沙率最高,可达85.82%,斜插板和直插板挡沙墙的阻沙率则分别为60.34%和52.92%;(3)挡沙墙前后的风沙流结构存在一定的差别,迎风侧积沙中粗颗粒组分的含量明显要高于背风侧,但整体依然以0.1~0.25 mm和0.25~0.5 mm粒径段的沙粒为主;(4)该研究结论对于戈壁大风区高速铁路风沙灾害防治具有一定的借鉴指导意义。Research purposes： Lanzhou - Xinjiang high - speed railway as the Chinas first high - speed railway across the wind area of Gobi desert,which inevitably meet a series of problems of sand - wind in the course of operation. In order to protect the safety of train operation,various sand control measures were built on both sides of railway which well played the sand prevention effect. Because the railway has the characteristics of long distance and large span,wind sand disaster appeared in some special sand control engineering area. Through observing the field experiment,the principles and effects of the different sand - blocking walls in sand - trapping are discussed,which will provide some technical support for the late design and construction. Research conclusions：（ 1 ） There will be a disturbed zone in the back of the sand - blocking wall. The energy dissipation of the inclined plank sand - blocking wall is more efficient than that of the sand - blocking wall,vertical - type PE net sand barrier take the second place and the inserting - type concrete sand barrier was the poorest. （2） Negative correlations is discovered between the sand - blocking rate and the vertical height. Within 4 meters height,the sand ？blocking rate of the vertical - type PE net sand barrier , the inclined plank sand - blocking wall , the sand - blocking wall are about 85. 82; 60. 34; and 52. 92; （3） After through the sand - blocking wall, the composition of sand particle changes. The percentage of coarse particles in windward side sand flow increases, but the size of most sand particle are still between 0. 1 to 0. 25mm and 0. 25 to 0. 5mm. （4） The experimental results have guiding significance for sand prevention project for high - speed railway in the wind area of Gobi desert.

关 键 词：兰新高铁 挡沙墙 风沙流 阻沙率 

分 类 号：U216.413[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]