不同秸秆还田方式对棕壤磷素及玉米吸磷量的影响  

Effects of Different Ways of Straw Returning on the Brown Soil Phosphorus and Maize Phosphorus Uptake

作　　者：王明达[1] 张婷[1] 张广才[1] 关连珠[1] 张昀[1] 高晓丹[1] 查文文 潘林林[1] 姜雪楠 赵雅[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室,农业部东北耕地保育重点实验室,沈阳110866

出　　处：《玉米科学》2017年第2期112-116,共5页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503118-10)

摘　　要：通过田间试验,研究玉米秸秆直接还田、腐熟还田与化肥配施等处理对棕壤磷素、玉米吸磷量、玉米产量、磷肥利用率的影响。结果表明,除秸秆直接还田处理外,其他施肥处理均能显著提高土壤有效磷含量,且彼此间差异显著,以腐熟秸秆配施化肥处理最明显。各施肥处理均显著提高玉米吸磷量和玉米产量,以未腐熟秸秆配施化肥处理增产最明显。各处理的磷肥利用率从高到低依次为秸秆直接还田配施化肥处理>秸秆腐熟还田配施化肥处理>单施化肥处理。秸秆还田配施化肥提高了玉米产量,玉米吸磷量和磷肥利用率直接还田好于腐熟还田。In order to explore the rational utilization of the northern spring maize straw and appropriate way ofits returning, the effects of different returning ways of maize straw（rotten and not rotten） blended with chemical fertil-izer application on the brown soil phosphorus, maize phosphorus uptake, phosphorus fertilizer utilization ratio andmaize yield were studied through the field experiment treatments. The results showed that the maize straw returningwith chemical fertilizer treatments can significantly improve the soil available phosphorus content, and that the bestpromoted effect came from the rotten straw returning treatment with NPK fertilizer application; all the fertilizingtreatments can significantly improve the maize phosphorus uptake and yield, of which the best effects among themcame from the straw direct returning treatment with NPK fertilizer, the order of the phosphorus fertilizer utilizationratio from high to low was as follows： straw direct returning treatment with NPK fertilizer application straw rottenreturning treatment with NPK fertilizer application only chemical NPK fertilizer application. All in all, maizestalks returning blended chemical fertilizers treatments could improve the maize phosphorus uptake and yield, andphosphorus fertilizer utilization ratio. The improved effect of straw direct returning was better than that of rottenstraw.

关 键 词：玉米 还田方式 土壤有效磷 玉米吸磷量 磷肥利用率 产量 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]