基于生死单元法的铝合金薄壁型材铣削有限元模拟  

FEM simulation on milling of Al-alloy thin-walled sectional material based on birth-death element technique

作　　者：王忠平 张晓鸿[2] 陈静青[2] 

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111 [2]西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《轻合金加工技术》2017年第4期41-46,共6页Light Alloy Fabrication Technology

摘　　要：随着现代机械工程技术的不断发展,薄壁结构型材在工程制造中得到广泛应用。薄壁结构在铣削等机械加工过程中相对刚度较低且易发生变形,严重影响了加工精度和效率。因此,开展薄壁结构加工过程的结构应力和变形预测研究具有重要的意义。通过铣削力测试获得型材立筋加工时的三向铣削力载荷。然后采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立铝合金薄壁型材模型,进行无液体冷却条件下铣削过程的有限元模拟。通过生死单元法和移动载荷加载的模拟方法,获得了薄壁型材结构在铣削立筋时,铣刀切入和切出情况下型材的连续结构应力演变,其中模拟得到的铣削应力输出和工艺试验测试得到的铣削过程动态应力具有较好的一致性。根据仿真结果,表明试验中所采用的铣削工艺可以获得较好的加工精度。With the continuous development of modern mechanical engineering technolo- gy, thin-walled structure has been widely used in engineering applications. However, in the milling and other mechanical processing procedures, the thin-walled structure is prone to de- formation due to relatively low stiffness, which seriously affects machining precision and effi- ciency. Therefore, the stress and deformation prediction and control research are significant in machining of thin-walled structure. In this work, a milling force test was conducted to acquire the three-dimensional force in the milling process, which could be provided as the initial load conditions for FEM model. According to the results of the milling force test, a FEM simulation Al-alloy thin-walled sectional material was performed on the no-cooling fluid working condi- tion by ABAQUS software, based on the birth-death element technique and the moving load applying method. By the simulation, the stress distribution of thin-walled structure milling was studied during cutting in and out at different locations. In addition, the simulated stress was well agreed to the test results of dynamic stress measure on the thin-walled structure. According to the simulation, the milling process on the thin-walled structure could provide proper machining precision.

关 键 词：薄壁型材 铣削热 铣削 有限元模拟 

分 类 号：TG54[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]