机构地区:[1]山东大学附属省立医院临床医学检验部,济南250021
出 处:《中国医药》2017年第5期754-758,共5页China Medicine
基 金:山东省自然科学基金(ZR2016HM52);山东省科学技术发展计划(2014GGH218041);山东省临床重点专科项目[鲁卫医字(2013)26号]
摘 要:目的了解山东大学附属省立医院诊治的儿童和青少年乙型肝炎感染及免疫情况。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2015年12月于山东大学附属省立医院进行乙型肝炎五项检查的门诊及住院儿童和青少年(0~14岁)共27015例,均采用电化学发光免疫分析法进行乙型肝炎五项检测。按照年份、年龄、性别、乙型肝炎五项模式、乙型肝炎表面抗体(HBsAb)滴度进行分组,分析调查对象的乙型肝炎感染及免疫情况。结果2011—2014年乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率总体呈逐年下降的趋势,在2015年略有增高[4.9‰(22/4467)、4.7‰(23/4876)、2.8‰(15/5279)、2.5‰(14/5587)、2.6%。(18/6806)];2011年与2014年的HBsAg阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.044)。男性与女性的HBsAg阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.952)。随着年龄的增加,HBsAg阳性率逐渐增高[0—6岁:3.1%o(63/20106)、7—12岁:3.5%。(22/6331)、13—14岁:12.1‰(7/578)];0~6岁与7-12岁比较差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05),这2个年龄组与13~14岁比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P〈0.05)。92例HBsAg阳性标本中以大三阳为主[64.1%(59/92)],其次为小三阳[14.1%(13/92)]。HBsAg阴性标本中,0~6岁患儿中HBsAb阴性所占比例明显低于7—14岁患儿[30.3%(6078/20043)比43.9%(3017/6880)];0~6岁患儿中HBsAb低免疫应答和高免疫应答所占比例均明显高于7~14岁患儿[26.5%(5303/20043)比23.2%(1599/6880)、43.2%(8662/20043)比32.9%(2264/6880)],差异均有统计学意义(均P〈0.05)。结论儿童青少年中乙型肝炎感染率稳定在较低水平;HBsAg阳性率随着年龄增加而增加;乙型肝炎感染以大三阳为主。儿童青少年尤其是青少年中HBsAb阴性和低免疫应答比例较高,需要及时进行�Objective To investigate hepatitis B infection and immunity status in children and adolescents. Methods Totally 27 015 children and adolescents(0-14 years old) who visited Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from January 2011 to December 2015 were detected Hepatitis B markers (HBsAg, HbsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBeAb) by electroehemiluminescent immunoassay. Hepatitis B infection and immunity status were analyzed, including years, ages, genders, hepatitis B marker positive types and HBsAb titers. Results The HBsAg positive rate gradually decreased from 2011 to 2014 and slightly increased in 2015 [4. 9‰(22/4 467 ), 4. 7‰( 23/4 876 ), 2. 8‰ ( 15/5 279 ), 2.5‰ ( 14/5 587 ), 2.6‰ ( 18/6 806 ) ] ; there was a significant difference between 2011 and 2014 (P = 0. 044 ). The HBsAg positive rate had no significant difference between male and female ( P = 0. 952 ). The HBsAg positive rate increased with age [ 0-6 years old : 3.1‰(63/20 106), 7-12 years old: 3.5‰(22/6 331), 13-14 years old: 12. 1‰(7/578) ] ; there were significant differences between ages of 0-6 and 13-14 and between ages of 7-12 and 13-14 (P 〈 0. 05). In 92 HBsAg positive cases, HBsAg + HBeAg + HBeAb positive had the largest proportion [ 64. 1% ( 59/92 ) ] and HBsAg + HBeAb+ HBeAb positive accounted for 14. 1% (13/92). In HBsAg negative eases, HBsAb negative rate in 0-6 years old children was significantly lower than that in 7-14 years old children [ 30. 3% ( 6 078/20 043 ) vs 43.9% (3 017/6 880)]; HBsAb low immune response rate and high immune response rate in 0-6 years old children were significantly higher than those in 7-14 years old children [ 26.5% ( 5 303/20 043 ) vs 23.2% (1 599/6 880), 43.2%(8 662/20 043) vs 32.9% (2 264/6 880)] (P 〈0.05). Conclusions Hepatitis B infection rate in children and adolescents maintains low level from 2011 to 2015. HBsAg positive rate increases with age. Hepatitis B infection m
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