加拿大某地区稀土矿的工艺矿物学研究  

Process Mineralogy on A Rare Earth Ore from Canada

作　　者：钟诚斌 徐志高[1] 张臻悦[2] 何正艳[2] 余军霞[1] 周芳[1] 池汝安[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学绿色化工过程教育部重点实验室,湖北省新型反应器与绿色化学工艺重点实验室,湖北武汉430073 [2]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《稀土》2017年第2期11-18,共8页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41472071);湖北省教育厅优秀中青年科技创新团队项目(T201506)

摘　　要：加拿大某地区稀土矿稀土品位低,稀土矿物与铁白云石等脉石矿物共生伴生嵌布关系复杂,采用传统的工艺矿物学难以对稀土矿的赋存状态和粒度分布进行定量分析。因此,借助MLA、XRD、XRF和SEM对该地区所产生的矿石进行工艺矿物学研究。结果表明,矿石中轻稀土矿物主要为氟碳铈矿和独居石,其稀土品位RE_2O_3为3.66%。其它有用矿物为菱锶矿和针铁矿,品位分别为1.77%和22.91%。脉石矿物主要为铁白云石、黑云母、铁辉石。氟碳铈矿和独居石主要与菱锶矿和针铁矿相互连生与包裹,体现在氟碳铈矿与针铁矿、菱锶矿和主要脉石矿物相互穿插形成密切的嵌布关系。独居石与氟碳铈矿的嵌布关系比较密切,多分布在氟碳铈矿颗粒间及裂缝中,有时也和菱锶矿和铁辉石等矿物嵌布在一起。稀土矿中的Ce、La和Nd元素主要赋存在氟碳铈矿中。Fe元素赋存在针铁矿中Fe_2O_3占57.76%,其它主要赋存在脉石矿物铁白云石中占40.08%。当磨矿粒度在74μm所占比例为80%时,氟碳铈矿、独居石、菱锶矿和针铁矿的解离度分别为44.44%、27.71%、81.08%和34.52%。与此同时,22μm以上的氟碳铈矿、独居石、菱锶矿和针铁矿的理论回收率的预测分别为80.51%、67.75%、80.76%和85.38%。这些工艺矿物学参数为工业利用该矿的稀土选矿工艺的设计及有价元素综合回收提供理论依据。The rare earth ores of low grade rare earth minerals and the complicated embedded and associated relationship with ankerite are from Canada. It was difficult for traditional mineralogy to quantitatively analyze the occurrence state and the particle size distribution of rare earth ore. Thus, the research on mineralogy of the ore in the region was carried out with MLA, XRD, XRF and SEM. The results showed that the main minerals were bastnaesite and monazite in the rare earth ore where the grade RE203 was 3.66%, that was typical of light rare earth ore. The other valuable minerals were strontianite with grade SrO of 1.77% and goethite with grade Fe2 03 of 22.91%. The main gangue minerals were ankerite, biotite, ferrosilite. Bastnaesite and monazite mainly had intergrowth and packed relationship with strontianite and goethite, which exposed in bastnaesite interpenetrated into goethite, strontianite, and the host gangue form the compact embedded relationship. The relationship between bastnaesite and monazite which distributes among the bastnaesite particles and cracks, and sometimes among stmntianite and ferrosilite was compact. The element of Ce,La and Nd mainly occured in the bastnaesite. The element of Fe occured in goethite in the form of Fe2O3 of 57.76%, the other main element of Fe occured in gangue minerals accounts for 40.08%. When the amount of the particle size of 74 μm accounted for 80% under the grinding system, the liberation of bastnaesite, monazite, strontianite and goethite was 44.44%, 27.71%, 81.08% and 34.52%, respectively. When the particle sizes were above 22 μm, the prediction of theoretical recovery of bastnaesite, monazite, strontianite and goethite was 80.51%, 67. 75%, 80. 76% and 85.38%, respectively. These process mineralogy parameters for industrial use of rare earth ore beneficiation process design and comprehensive recovery of valuable elements provided a theoretical basis.

关 键 词：矿物解离度分析仪(MLA) 氟碳铈矿 独居石 工艺矿物学 

分 类 号：TF845.6[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]