稀土标准体系解析及环境影响探讨  

Analysis and Environmental Effects of Rare Earth Standards System

作　　者：王东杰[1,2,3] 郝茜[2,3] 易红宏[1] 王素梅[2,3] 解萍[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]包头稀土研究院,内蒙古包头014030 [3]瑞科稀土冶金及功能材料国家工程研究中心,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《稀土》2017年第2期124-133,共10页Chinese Rare Earths

摘　　要：稀土标准体系的建立为稀土行业的发展提供了技术支撑,稀土行业的发展又决定着稀土标准的动向。本文分析稀土标准体系的结构,阐述了稀土标准体系中几大基础标准的基本内容和存在问题,稀土标准汇总于2016年5月颁布,总结稀土产业链中的相关产品标准、化学分析方法标准、稀土污染物排放标准的基本情况,建议稀土标准向加速稀土三废相关标准的起草;加大稀土标准样品的研制力度;加强稀土标准制修订人员的培训;加速推进稀土标准国际化进程等方向发展。结合稀土标准的应用,完善稀土标准体系的同时,推进我国稀土产业的标准化进程。本文提出稀土标准指导稀土产业发展并体现稀土产业方向,稀土产业升级又带动稀土标准发展并推进稀土标准化步伐,进一步探讨稀土标准体系对环境的间接影响,稀土工业污染物排放标准及相关稀土环境标准的制定为国家提倡保护环境、节约资源、能源等发挥关键的作用。稀土国际标准工作的起步,有利于中国稀土产业对外贸易的发展,要想使中国从稀土大国转变为稀土强国,稀土标准国际化将发挥决定性作用。做好稀土标准和标准化工作,引导稀土产业向节能环保型、高端应用型转变,以保障我国稀土资源的科学、健康、可持续发展。The establishment of rare earth standards system provides technical support for the development of rare earth in- dustry. Meanwhile, the development of rare earth industry decides the developing directions of rare earth standards in reverse. In this paper, the composition of rare earth standards system is analyzed and the content of the basic standards and the existing problems in rare earth standards system are discussed. According to rare earth standard compilation published in May 2016, the relevant product standards of rare earth industry chain, the standards of chemical analytical methods, and emission stand- ards of rare earths industry pollutants are summarized. The paper suggests to speed up the drafting of rare earth industrial wastes standards, enlarge the research and development power of rare earth reference materials, and improve the training of staff on formulating and revising rare earth standards. Some suggestions of the development of the national rare earth standards in the future have been proposed. Combined with the application of rare earth standards, the standardization process of rare earth industry in China is promoted for further improvement of the rare earth standards system. In this paper, the view that rare earth standards can guide the development of rare earth industry and rare earth industrial upgrading can promote rare earth standards has been proposed. The indirection effects of rare earth standard system on environment are investigated furtherly. The draft of the emission standard of rare earth industrial pollutants and the related rare earth environmental standards plays an important role in protecting the environment, saving the resources and the energy. The start of the draft of rare earth international standard is beneficial for the development of China＇ s foreign trade in rare earth industry. In order to make China change from large country to powerful country in rare earth industry, the internationalization of rare earth standard is very important. Do the rare earth stand

关 键 词：稀土标准 体系 环境 影响 建议 

分 类 号：F426[经济管理—产业经济] F205