气动载荷对风力机叶片动态结构特性影响分析  

Influence of Aerodynamic Loads on Dynamic Structure Characteristics of Wind Turbine Blades

作　　者：陈文朴[1] 李春[1] 汤金桦 孙瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《热能动力工程》2017年第4期115-119,共5页Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51176129;51676131);上海市科委基金资助项目(13DZ2260900);上海市教育委员会科研创新(重点)基金资助项目(No.13ZZ120;13YZ066)

摘　　要：建立复合材料风力机叶片铺层模型,针对叶片结构进行动态特性分析,主要通过模态分析研究了气动载荷对叶片固有频率的影响。借助ANSYS(有限元分析软件)复合材料模块,根据叶片几何和铺层参数实现叶片建模,并通过实验值验证了有限元模型的准确性。基于叶素-动量理论计算获得叶片极限气动载荷,以极限载荷的20%为载荷步,分析了叶片结构特性受载荷影响的变化趋势。结果表明:叶片所受载荷增加会导致叶片各阶固有频率下降,同时其摆振振型对应的固有频率受载荷影响较大;气动载荷会削弱叶片各微元段向平衡位置恢复的能力,导致叶片截面刚度下降,进而引起叶片固有频率降低。The model of the composite wind turbine blade was established,and the dynamic characteristics of the blade structure were analyzed. The influence of aerodynamic load on the natural frequency of blade was studied by modal analysis. With the aid of the ANSYS composite module,the blade model was realized based on the blade geometry and lay up parameters,and the accuracy of the finite element model was verified by the experimental results. Based on the blade element momentum theory,the limit of aerodynamic load was obtained,and the 20% of the ultimate load was used as the load step,and the corresponding blade structure characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that the increase in blade load will lead to the decrease in the natural frequencies of the blade,and the pendulum vibration mode corresponding to the natural frequency is greatly influenced by load. Aerodynamic load weakens the recovery ability of each and every infinitesimal segment of blade to the balance position,leading to a reduction in the stiffness of blade section,and in turn,the decrease in the natural frequency of the blade.

关 键 词：风力机 叶片 铺层 模态 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]