深圳市某8家黄金珠宝首饰加工企业职业病危害因素调查  

Study on occupational hazards in eight gold jewelry-processing enterprises in Shenzhen city

作　　者：杨光涛 朱晓玲 王雪毓 翁少凡 管有志 

机构地区：[1]深圳市职业病防治院职业危害评价科,广东深圳518020

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第8期1391-1393,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的掌握和了解黄金珠宝首饰加工行业存在的职业病危害因素,为职业病危害预防控制措施的制定提供依据,减少职业病的发生。方法于2015年对深圳市8家黄金珠宝首饰加工企业进行职业卫生现场调查,通过对职业病危害因素的检测,评价该行业存在的职业病危害因素及危害程度。结果该行业在劳动过程中主要存在粉尘,正庚烷、正己烷、三氯甲烷、1,2二氯乙烷和苯等化学性有害因素以及噪声和激光辐射物理性有害因素。8家黄金珠宝首饰加工企业接害员工共计930人次,其中接触粉尘371人,占比39.9%,接触化学毒物359人,占比38.6%,接触噪声191人,占比20.5%,接触激光辐射9人,占比1.0%。共检测职业病危害因素作业点数266个,合格点数262个,合格率为98.5%,其中粉尘(矽尘)超标点3个,噪声超标点1个。结论黄金珠宝首饰加工企业在生产过程中存在大量职业病危害因素,属于职业病危害较重的项目,用人单位应加强职业病防治管理工作,预防职业病的发生。Objective The aim of this study was to identify the occupational hazards existed in manufacturing process of the gold jewelry industry, provide the basis for developing prevention and control measures against occupational hazards, so as to reduce the occurrence of occupational diseases. Methods The field occupational health investigation was performed in eight gold jewelry-processing enterprises in Shenzhen city in 2015. The occupational hazards and degrees were evaluated by occupational hazards monitoring. Results Dust, N-heptane, n-hexane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, benzene and any other chemical hazards and physical hazards （including noise and laser radiation） were observed in this industry. A total of 930 employees exposed to occupational hazards in eight gold jewelry-processing enterprises, of which 371 people were exposed to dust, accounting for 39.9%, 359 people were exposed to chemical poisons, accounting for 38.6%, 191 people contacted noise, accounting for 20.5%, and 9 people contacted radiation, accounting for 1.0%. There were 266 occupational hazards detected and 262 qualified points with a pass rate of 98.5%. There were three dust spots （silica dust） and one noise exceeded the national occupational health standard. Conclusion Due to so many occupational hazards existing in the gold jewelry-processing enterprises, it belongs to the project with serious occupational hazards. The employers should strengthen the management of occupational hazards to prevent occupational diseases.

关 键 词：黄金珠宝首饰加工 职业病危害因素 职业卫生调查 

分 类 号：R134.4[医药卫生—劳动卫生]