应运而生的“殉路英雄”:“邬纲”传说化的兴起、流变  

Legendized Wu Gang:The Hero Who Sacrificed for the Railway

作　　者：王方星[1,2] WANG Fang-xing(School of Medicine School of Social Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学医学部,江苏苏州215006 [2]苏州大学社会学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第2期44-58,共15页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：在清末商办铁路运动的社会背景下,名不见经传的小人物邬纲被汤寿潜等人为地捧到了"殉路英雄"的高台。在新闻报纸尤其是小说、戏曲等大众媒介的传播、渲染下,邬纲故事迅速渗透到人们的日常生活中,层累积聚,故事化色彩愈来愈浓重,并最终作为"历史"记忆的一部分流传于世,对江浙地区的商办铁路运动高潮化起到了推动作用。此事从一侧面证明,顾颉刚先生"层累地造成的中国古史"观同样适用于近代历史事件和历史人物的研究,由于在近代史研究中某些历史事件和历史人物的研究确存在着层累造史的现象,所以须谨慎视之。另一方面,这项研究也表明,近代铁路史研究应突破以往局限于政治史、经济史等区阈的弊端,拓宽视野,引入社会史和民俗学等坐标系加以考量。Under the social background of the commercial railway movement in the late Qing Dynasty, little-known person Wu Gang was profiled by Tang Shou-Qian and others to such height of ＂martyrdom hero＂. In the publicity of news media, especially the mass media such as novels and stage plays, the story of Wu Gang quickly penetrated into the daily life of people, deeper and deeper until the story was eventually assumed as part of public ＂historical＂ memory, so that so much it even played a catalytic role in the commercialization of railway in Jiangsu-Zhejiang region. This fact partly proves the idea proposed by Mr. Gu Jiegang that ancient Chinese history only gradually formed by common beliefs, which is also applicable to the study of modem historical events and figures in which one must be aware that certain historical events and historical figures can really be gradually formed in such way. On the other hand, this study also shows that the study of railway history in modern times should go beyond the traditional limits of political and economic sectors to embrace social history and folklore studies.

关 键 词：中国近代铁路史 清末商办铁路运动 江浙铁路风潮 邬纲 殉路英雄 传说化 汤寿潜 顾颉刚 

分 类 号：K257.26[历史地理—历史学]