几种中草药对刺参幼参的急性毒性试验  

Acute toxicity of several Chinese herbal medicines to juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

作　　者：姚刚[1] 李强[1] 付雷[1] 叶仕根[1] 黎睿君[1] 李华[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2017年第2期161-166,共6页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家海洋公益行业专项(201405003);国家"星火计划"项目(2015GA650006);辽宁省海洋渔业厅重点攻关项目(201402)

摘　　要：为探究刺参Apostichopus japonicus对中草药的毒性反应,在水温13~15℃下采用水生生物急性毒性试验方法对体质量为(2.36±0.41)g的刺参幼参进行了5种中草药急性毒性试验。结果表明:单方中草药对刺参幼参的毒性大小依次为五倍子>乌梅>石榴皮>黄芩>甘草;五倍子、乌梅、石榴皮、黄芩和甘草对刺参幼参的48 h半致死浓度分别为0.340、2.027、2.149、2.234、4.900 g/L,安全浓度分别为0.055、0.272、0.166、0.271、0.605 g/L;6组复方药物中毒性最大的是五倍子+甘草,其次是五倍子+黄芩、甘草+黄芩、石榴皮+五倍子,乌梅+石榴皮、五倍子+乌梅两组复方的毒性最低。研究表明,在安全浓度范围内,单方中草药五倍子、乌梅,复方五倍子+乌梅、石榴皮+乌梅可用作刺参细菌性疾病的防治药物。Acute toxicity of 5 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines to juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus with body weight of （2. 36±0.41）g was studied at water temperature of 13-15℃ by an ordinary method to evalu-ate toxic effects of Chinese herbal medicine on sea cucumber. It was found that toxicity of single Chinese herbal medicine was descendantly arranged as Galla chinensis, Fructus mume, Pericarpium granati, Radix scutellariae and Glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch ,with the 48 hours medial lethal concentration （ LC50） of 0. 340,2. 027,2.149,2. 234 and 4. 900 g/L,and with safe concentration of 0. 055,0. 272,0.166,0.271,and 0. 605 g/L, respectively. The maximal toxicity of 6 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine compounds was found in compound Galla chinensis＋ Glycyr-rhiza uralensis fisch ,followed by Galla chinensis ＋Radix scutellariae, Glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch ＋ Radix scutellariae, and Pericarpium granati ＋ Galla chinensis,and the minimal toxicity in two compound groups compound of Galla chinensis＋ Fructus mume,and compound of Fructus mume ＋ Pericarpium granati. The findings suggested that Galla chinensis,Fructus mume and compound of Galla chinensis ＋ Fructus mume, Fructus mume ＋ Pericarpium granati, and be used in control and prevention of sea cucumber diseases.

关 键 词：中草药 刺参 急性毒性 乌梅 五倍子 石榴皮 黄芩 甘草 

分 类 号：S948[农业科学—水产养殖] S91[农业科学—水产科学]