出口级黄板鳅(♀)×台湾泥鳅(♂)杂交种及其亲本肌肉营养成分分析比较  

Comparative analysis of muscular nutrients in export-grade hybrid loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus ♀ × Taiwan loach ♂ and their parent

作　　者：尤宏争[1] 邵蓬[2] 高建忠 汪笑宇[4] 郑艳坤 

机构地区：[1]天津市水产研究所,天津300221 [2]天津市水产技术推广站,天津300221 [3]天津鸿腾水产科技发展有限公司,天津301800 [4]天津渤海水产研究所,天津300450

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2017年第2期198-204,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家"星火计划"项目(2014GA610002);国家农业科技成果转化基金资助项目(2014GB2A100511);天津市科技计划项目(15ZXBFNC00120);天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目(201501120);天津市水产产业技术体系创新团队(ITTFRS2017016)

摘　　要：为研究出口级黄板鳅Paramisgurnus dabryanus、台湾泥鳅及其杂交种肌肉的营养价值与鲜美程度,采用国内外通用的营养测试方法测定了3种泥鳅(体质量9.56~94.02 g)的肌肉营养成分。结果表明:3种出口级泥鳅肌肉(鲜样)中水分的质量分数为70.62%~73.01%,粗蛋白质为18.60%~20.03%,粗脂肪为4.15%~7.85%,灰分为1.40%~1.84%,除水分含量外,各组间均有显著性差异(P<0.05),黄板鳅是3种泥鳅中典型的高蛋白质低脂肪品种;试验共检测出18种氨基酸,其中人体必需的8种氨基酸总量为24.52%~28.89%(干样,下同),占氨基酸总量的39.56%~39.72%,3种出口级泥鳅肌肉中必需氨基酸组成均与FAO/WHO要求一致,必需氨基酸指数为81.24~83.54,限制性氨基酸均为色氨酸与缬氨酸,4种鲜味氨基酸总质量分数为37.61%~38.65%,各组间有显著性差异(P<0.05),从各种氨基酸含量分析得出黄板鳅是相对组成最理想的品种;3种出口级泥鳅肌肉中脂肪酸含量丰富(22~24种),多不饱和脂肪酸含量高达40.66%~48.33%,其中DHA含量为2.03%~3.09%,各组间有显著性差异(P<0.05),但黄板鳅保健价值更有优势;10种常见的矿物元素均被检测出来,锌、铁含量明显高于其他鱼类,且各组间有显著性差异(P<0.05)。研究表明,3种出口级泥鳅均为营养价值高且具有养殖前景的鱼类,天津地区主产的黄板鳅综合指标最高,而杂交种营养指标大多介于父母本之间,杂交优势不突出。The muscular nutrients in export-grade hybrid loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus ♀× Taiwan loach ♂ and their parent with body weight of （9. 56-94. 02） g were determined by general methods in order to study the muscle nutrition value and tasty level of the export-grade loach. The results showed that there were moisture of 70.62%- 73.01% , crude protein 18. 60% -20. 03%,crude fat 4. 15% -7. 85% and ash 1.40% -1. 84% in the muscle （fresh sample） of the export-grade loach,significant differences between the groups（P 〈0. 05） except the moisture content. It was found that Paramisgurnus dabryanus was a typical high-protein low-fat species among the 3 export- grade loach. There were 18 kinds of amino acids detected including 8 kinds of essential amino acids （total 24. 52% -28.89%） （dry sample）,accounting for 39. 56% -39. 72% of the overall amino acids. The essential a-mino acids composition of these 3 export-grade loach were shown to be consistent with the requirements of FAO/ WHO,with essential amino acid index of 81.24-83.54 and the limited amino acids tryptophan and valine. The to-tal mass fraction of 4 kinds of flavor amino acids was 37. 61% -38. 6 5 %, significant different between groups （P 〈0. 05）, Paramisgurnus dabryanus being the most ideal species due to its muscle nutrition composition. The ex-port-grade loach had rich in fatty acids （22-24 kinds） in muscle,with polyunsaturated fatty acid （PUFA） of up to 40. 66% -48. 33%,including DHA of 2. 03% -3. 09%,significant different between groups （ P 〈0. 05 ）. Pa-ramisgurnus dabryanus had more advantages in the value of health care. In the experiment,10 common mineral el-ements were detected,zinc and iron content being significantly higher than those in other fishes,significantly differ-ent between groups （P〈0. 05）. In conclusion,these 3 kinds of export-grade loach have high nutritional value and breeding prospects, Paramisgurnus dabryanus as one of the main domestic species.

关 键 词：出口级泥鳅 肌肉 营养成分 氨基酸 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]