女子20km竞走世界冠军科德亚普金娜与我国优秀竞走运动员技术对比分析  

A comparative analysis of the techniques between women's 20km race walk champion Kirdyapkina and China elite walkers

作　　者：王国伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学体育学院,河南郑州450044

出　　处：《山东体育科技》2017年第2期48-53,共6页Shandong Sports Science & Technology

基　　金：国家体育总局重点领域研究项目"我国优秀青少年竞走运动员‘速度-技术’关系及规范技术模式研究"(项目编号:2014B079);国家体育总局奥运攻关课题"竞走项目成功训练经验与制胜规律研究"(项目编号:2013A078);河南省科技厅软科学项目(项目编号:162400410150)

摘　　要：科德亚普金娜是俄罗斯优秀的竞走运动员,第26届国际田联竞走世界杯上获得女子20 km冠军,技术比较先进,代表了俄罗斯的技术风格,通过与我国优秀竞走运动员对比,从而查找我们的优缺点,为我国青少年训练提供参考。研究结果表明:1)与我国女子运动员"小步幅、高频率"特征相比,科德亚普金娜的技术可以用"大步幅、高频率"来形容,同时,左右脚步长保持一致。2)科德亚普金娜重心速度右脚着地时刻最大,垂直时刻最小,国内选手同样存在着类似情况。左脚着地时刻至垂直时刻重心速度增加,吕秀芝、刘虹同样存在这个现象,而聂晶晶和孙欢欢则是下降的现象。3)科德亚普金娜左侧髋关节、膝关节和踝关节的瞬时速度明显大于右侧髋关节、膝关节和踝关节,国内选手并未出现类似规律性的情况,与运动员的个人技术风格、腿部力量、肌肉协调性、柔韧性等有关系。4)在着地、垂直和离地时刻,左右膝关节、髋关节角度明显要好于我国优秀选手。左右踝关节的变化幅度存在不一致现象。5)科德亚普金娜左右膝关节的平均速度基本一致,左右肘关节的平均速度并不一致,我国运动员也有类似的情况。Kirdyapkina,an outstanding race walker and the winner olwomen＇s 20 km race in the 26th World Race Walking Cup,has advanced skills ol Russian styles and is worth analyzing deeply. We intend to find out merits and demerits ol our elite athletes by comparison and offer some reference data ol training and match lor our teenagers. This thesis develops by live photography and data analysis and the results are as follows： 1） Women athletes in China have similarity in small paces with high lrequency,while Kirdyapkina entirely uses strides with high lrequency. Meanwhile,her walking distance on both legs is physically coordinated,which is meaninglul to learn. 2） For Kirdyapkina,the speed ol her gravity is maximum at the time ol her right loot onto the ground,and minimumat the time ol her loot vertical to the ground. Such situation exists among Chinese athletes. A s lor Lv Xiuzhi and Liu Hong,lrom touchdown to verticality the speed ol their gravity goes up,but lor Nie Jingjing and Sun Huanhuan the speed goes down. 3） The instant speed ol her hip joint, knee joint and ankle joint on the lelt side conspicuously exceeds the one on the right side. Such similarly regular circumstance never occurs among Chinese players. T he issue probably relates to the player＇s personal technique, leg strength, muscle coordination and llexibility. 4） When her legs are o n, over and above the ground,the angles ol her both knee joints and hip joints surpass the angles ol Chinese tops. Inconsistency exists in the changing range ol her ankle joints. 5 ） The average speed ol Kirdyapkina＇s knee joints is basically consistent, but the speed ol her elbow joints is not, which is analogous to the situation ol Chinese athletes.

关 键 词：女子竞走 科德亚普金娜 技术 对比 

分 类 号：G821[文化科学—体育训练]