共享经济视角的中国租车业需求与政策效应——基于企业内部数据与政策冲击面板数据的实证  

The Demand and Policy Effect of China's Car Rental Industry from the Perspective of Sharing Economy——Empirical Analysis based on Enterprise Internal Data and Policy Impact Panel Data

作　　者：孙泽生[1] 潘莉[1] 尚杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江科技学院经济与管理学院

出　　处：《产经评论》2017年第2期46-56,共11页Industrial Economic Review

基　　金：浙江省社科基金项目"‘一带一路’战略下油气全产业链合作问题研究"(项目编号:17NDJC248YB;项目主持人:孙泽生);浙江科技学院学科交叉预研项目"我国能源效率;碳排放与重点产业的可持续发展"(项目编号:2015JC08Y;项目主持人:孙泽生)

摘　　要：中国租车产业的快速发展受到居民收入上升和城市拥堵等因素的影响,基于共享经济视角,研究中国租车产业的需求及拥堵治理的政策效应具有重要现实意义。在建构租车需求模型基础上,运用神州租车10个城市的面板数据来探讨居民收入、城市拥堵和拥堵管制政策等因素对中国租车产业发展的影响。研究发现:(1)居民收入对租车需求有较强的正向影响和较高的收入弹性,但访客收入对租车需求的影响都不显著,因此是居民而非访客主导租车需求。(2)城市交通拥堵会提升车辆道路通行成本,进而显著削弱租车需求。(3)车牌竞拍、限行、摇号等拥堵管制政策抑制了租车需求,但进一步加大了居民收入和私家车保有量对租车需求的正向影响,也提升了交通拥堵对租车需求的抑制效应。大中城市可采取差异化的拥堵管制政策鼓励具有共享经济效率的租车产业发展。The rapid development of China？s car rental industry is affected by the rising income, the ur-ban congestion and other factors, and this paper is the first try to empirically discuss the main influencing fac-tors of China？s car rental industry. By constructing a car rental demand model, we discuss the impact of factors like income and urban congestion on the development of car rental industry based on a 10 - main - cities5 panel data of the CAR Inc. The result is： （1） income has a strong positive impact on car rental demand with higher demand elasticity, but the impact of visitors is not significant, so it is residents but not visitors that dominates the car rental market. （2） Urban traffic congestion will increase car - transporting cost, and then significantly reduce car rental demand. （ 3 ） The regulatory policies like license plates, traffic controls, license - plate lot-tery increase the positive impact of the income and the private car ownership on rental demand further, and traffic congestion has an inhibiting effect on rental demand. Cities could urge the development of the car rental industry with sharing - economy efficiency by differential regulation policies.

关 键 词：共享经济 居民收入 城市拥堵 网约租车 差异化管制 

分 类 号：F721.6[经济管理—产业经济]