准静态工况下渐开线直齿轮齿面磨损建模与分析  

Quasi-static-model-based Wear Analysis of Spur Gears

作　　者：张俊[1] 卞世元 鲁庆[1] 刘先增 

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学机械工程学院,马鞍山243032

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2017年第5期136-145,共10页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51375013;51405003);安徽省自然科学基金(1208085ME64)资助项目

摘　　要：根据Hertz理论和Archard磨损公式,建立面向真实工况的直齿圆柱齿轮准静态磨损模型,并对其齿面磨损特性进行了数值仿真。计算表明,理想工况下直齿轮副齿面沿齿宽方向均匀磨损,其在节圆附近的磨损量最小,而在小齿轮靠近齿根部位的磨损量最大;当存在啮合偏差时,齿面磨损深度沿齿向不再均布。在此基础上,进一步分析了负载工况和磨损循环次数对齿面磨损量的影响。分析表明,负载转矩和循环次数对齿面磨损量影响显著,近似呈指数映射关系。当以减磨延寿为齿轮设计目标时,必须计入负载工况和齿轮役期的影响。最后,分析了齿轮啮合偏差和微观修形对齿面磨损量的影响。研究表明,从改善齿面载荷分布和减缓齿面磨损角度考量,应严控齿轮啮合偏差量,并可通过制定合适的齿面修形策略来减缓齿面磨损失效。A quasi-static wear model for spur gears is proposed based on Hertz＇ theory and Archard＇s formula to investigate the wear characteristics of tooth surface in real operation conditions. The numerical simulation reveals that the wear depth distributes evenly along the tooth lead while varies along the tooth profile. The surface wear depth claims its minimum value at the pitch circle and reaches its maximum value near the tooth root of the pinion. The effects of load level and cycle number on wear depth are further investigated to indicate an approximate exponential function of wear depth with respect to the two factors. This implies that the effects of load level and cycle number on gear wear must be considered during a gear design aimed at slow wear and long life-span. Finally, the effects of mesh misalignment and micro-geometry modification on gear wear are explored in terms of wear depth with respect to load distribution of tooth surface. The exploration finds that the wear depth distributes inconsistently when misalignment increases. Hence, it is highly recommended to control the mesh misalignment to improve the load distribution and reduce the wear. Meanwhile, by adopting proper micro-geometry modification strategy, the wear depth of the gear surfaces can be reduced greatly.

关 键 词：直齿轮 齿面磨损 啮合偏差 齿轮微观俢形 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]