新型吸附式盐溶液水分离装置设计与机理研究  

Design and Experamental Research of Novel Adsorbent Water Separation Device for Salt Solution Treatment

作　　者：高文忠[1] 王栋[1] 李长松[1] 徐畅达[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学商船学院,上海201306

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2017年第6期152-157,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50976064);上海市自然科学基金(16ZR1414700)资助项目

摘　　要：为了在盐水分离领域更高效地利用太阳能、地热及发动机余热等低温热源,参考传统海水淡化装置,设计一种将喷雾闪蒸、热管传热与固体吸附耦合集成的新型吸附式盐溶液水分离装置,并对氯化钠含量为3%的盐溶液进行水分离试验,结果表明:溶液经雾化闪蒸后温度骤降,接触热管冷端后吸收大量热量蒸发,该装置可利用40~100℃的低温热源,单级可分离盐溶液中18%~60%的水分;热源温度是影响分离率的关键因素;吸附剂的吸附作用在相同热源温度下可大幅降低闪蒸室蒸发压力,提高过热度;整个吸附及脱附周期内压力呈规律性变化,不仅受吸附床切换而骤变,还受闪蒸室热源与吸附剂内冷却水温度的变化影响;降低冷却水温度可明显降低蒸发室平衡压力,保证蒸发器内液滴持续蒸发,提高分离率。In order to use low temperature heat source such as solar energy, geothermal and engine waste heat more efficiently, a novel salt solution separation device referenced traditional desalination device is developed. It couples the spray flash, heat pipe and solid adsorption technologies, and artificial seawater with 3% saltiness is experimented. The results show that： the temperature of atomized solution droplet drops after flashing, then massive heat is absorbed when the droplets contact heat pipe, low temperature heat source of 40-100 ~C can be used and the water separation rate ranges from 18 0/0 to 60%; the heat source temperature is the key factor of separation rate; absorption reduces pressure of flash chamber significantly with the same heat source temperature, namely improves the degree of the superheat; the pressure changes regularly during the whole cycle of absorption, it changes sharply when adsorption bed switches and it is influenced by the heat source and cooling water temperature; as the temperature of cooling water decreased, the equilibrium pressure of evaporation chamber dropped obviously, this ensures the continuous evaporation of liquid droplets in the evaporator and increases the separation rate.

关 键 词：吸附 盐水分离 热管 闪蒸 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]