MgH_2型复合敏化储氢乳化炸药的制备及其爆轰性能  

Preparation and detonation properties of MgH_2 type of composite sensitized emulsion explosives

作　　者：程扬帆[1,2] 汪泉[1,2] 龚悦[1] 汤有富 袁和平[1] 钱海[1] 沈兆武[2] CHENG Yangfan WANG Quan GONG Yue TANG Youfu YUAN Heping QIAN Hai SHEN Zhaowu(School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, China Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化学工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]中国科学技术大学工程科学学院,安徽合肥230027

出　　处：《化工学报》2017年第4期1734-1739,共6页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11602001;51374189;11502001);安徽省自然科学基金项目(KJ2015A074;1608085QA15)~~

摘　　要：为了提高乳化炸药的爆炸威力,研制出了一种MgH_2型复合敏化储氢乳化炸药。该乳化炸药采用包覆后的MgH_2与玻璃微球复合敏化,两种材料分别起到含能添加剂和敏化剂的作用。通过研究"热点"数量和包覆材料对炸药爆轰性能的影响,确定了MgH_2型复合敏化储氢乳化炸药的配方。利用水下爆炸实验和猛度实验,研究了MgH_2型复合敏化储氢乳化炸药的爆轰特征参数和水下爆炸特性。实验结果表明,MgH_2型复合敏化储氢乳化炸药的铅柱压缩量为24.3 mm,达到军用炸药的猛度;与传统玻璃微球型乳化炸药相比,其水下爆炸峰值压力虽然下降了4.90%,但比冲击波能、比气泡能和总能量分别提高了7.83%、22.94%和18.32%。MgH_2型复合敏化储氢乳化炸药的猛度和做功能力得到了显著提高。In order to improve the explosion power of emulsion explosives, a novel MgH2 type of composite sensitization emulsion explosive is developed. The emulsion explosive is sensitized by coated MgH2 and glass microspheres, and the two materials act as energetic additive and sensitizer, respectively. By studying the influence of ＂hot spots＂ quantity and coating materials, the formula of MgH2 type of composite sensitization emulsion explosive is determined. The detonation characteristic parameters and underwater explosion properties of MgH2 type of composite sensitization emulsion explosive are studied with underwater explosion and brisance experiments. The experimental results show that the lead block compression value of this new type of emulsion is as high as 24.3 mm, which reaches the brisance of military explosives. Compared with the traditional glass microspheres sensitization emulsion explosive, although the shock wave peak pressure of the composite sensitized of MgH2-based emulsion explosives is decreased 4.90%, but its shock wave energy, bubble energy and total energy are separately increased 7.83%, 22.94% and 18.32%. Therefore, the brisance and work capability of MgH2 type of composite sensitization emulsion explosives are remarkably increased.

关 键 词：乳化炸药 猛度 爆轰 储氢材料 敏化 水下爆炸 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O381[理学—流体力学]