美国奥洛维尔水库溢洪道泄槽破坏事件简介及初步分析  

Lake Oroville spillway incident: overview and discussion

作　　者：张秀丽[1] 沈海尧[1] 郑子祥[1] 聂广明[1] 杨鸽[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家能源局大坝安全监察中心,浙江杭州311122

出　　处：《大坝与安全》2017年第1期1-6,11,共7页Dam & Safety

摘　　要：2017年2月7日,美国奥洛维尔水库主溢洪道泄槽局部发生破损,此后事态逐步升级,最终导致下游18.8万人紧急撤离。主溢洪道地质条件较差、结构较薄弱、混凝土材料强度偏低,加之日常检查维护工作不到位,导致了破损的发生和快速发展。而应急调度失误致使非常溢洪道被动启用,进而导致其过流区山体严重冲刷、危及混凝土溢流堰稳定性,直接迫使大规模人口撤离。The main spillway of lake Oroville was found damaged on February 7,2017. In the subse-quent days,the incident was exacerbated and eventually caused a massive evacuation of local residents.The damage of the main spillway was caused and aggravated by relatively poor geology condition,thinchute,inadequate concrete strength and inattentive inspections. A series of inappropriate emergency op-erations forced the emergency spillway being used,causing excessive erosion at the base of the weir ofemergency spillway,which threatened to undermine and collapse the concrete weir. Fearing the col-lapse,an evacuation order was issued by the local government and 188 000 people in the vicinity wereevacuated.

关 键 词：奥洛维尔大坝 溢洪道 泄槽破坏 应急调度 强制撤离 

分 类 号：TV651.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]