覆膜集雨及行距配置对冬小麦灌浆特性的影响  

Effects of Film-covered Ridge Rainwater Harvesting and Row Spacing Patterns on Grain Filling Characteristics in Winter Wheat

作　　者：任全茂 李援农[1] 谷晓博[1] 徐袁博 王凯瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2017年第4期1-5,10,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：水利部公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503105;201503125)

摘　　要：为了探究覆膜集雨及行距配置对冬小麦灌浆特性的影响,在大田冬小麦起垄沟播模式下设置裸地(LD)、普通膜(PM)、降解膜(JM)处理,在沟内设置两种种植行距20 cm(L4)、30 cm(L3)。采集灌浆期籽粒粒重变化数据,运用logistic方程模拟,进而分析灌浆特性。试验结果表明:JM处理灌浆速率变化幅度小且具有较小的平均灌浆速率,但其明显延长灌浆持续时间。行距配置对灌浆速率影响较小,但整体显示为前期L3大,后期L4大。快增期对冬小麦籽粒积累干物质的贡献最大,其次为渐增期。达到最大灌浆速率的时间与粒重呈极显著正相关。灌浆时间参数较速率参数变异系数大,易受环境影响,覆膜集雨较行距配置对灌浆参数的影响大。覆盖降解膜行距20 cm是对提高籽粒粒重有益的种植模式。To study the effects of plastic-covered ridge rainwater harvesting and row spacing patterns on grain filling characteristics in winter wheat, three treatments, including no film （LD）, plastic film （PM） and biodegradable film （JM）, were conducted in ridge-furrow planting of winter wheat. The field experiment had two row spacing patterns, namely 20 cm （L4）and 30 cm（Ld）. The grain weight data in filing stage was collected, the filing process was simulated by using logistic equation, and then the filing characteristics was systematically analyzed. The results showed that the varied range of filing rate and the average filing rate of JM were the lowest, but the filing duration was significantly long ; row spacing patterns had no significant effect on filing rate, however, the filing rate of L3 treatment was a little higher at early stage and that of L4 treatment was a little higher at late stage ; rapid increasing-stage had the biggest contribution to the dry matter accumulation, followed by gradual increasing-stage; grain weight was very significant positive correlation with the appearance time of maximal filing rate ; grain filing time parameters had greater variation coefficient than rate parameters, which indicated that time parameters were susceptible to the influence of the environment ; film-covered ridge rainwater harvesting had a greater effect on parameters of grain filing than row spacing patterns; JM with L4 is beneficial to improve the grain weight.

关 键 词：覆膜集雨 行距配置 LOGISTIC方程 灌浆特性 降解膜 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]