直插式根灌技术的研究与应用  

Research and Application of Straight Tube Root Irrigation Technology

作　　者：杜虎林[1,2] 刘荣国 马振勇[1,4] 孙宏义[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室,兰州730000 [3]宁夏中卫沙坡头国家级自然保护区管理局,宁夏中卫755000 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2017年第4期73-78,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：宁夏环保厅"生态功能区生态恢复模式与技术示范-宁夏环保生态示范基地根灌节水技术研究与示范"项目(Y490L61001);中国科学院"科技支新"项目(XBXJ-2011-023)

摘　　要：直插式根灌技术,是一种新型的节水灌溉技术,它结合了地面滴灌与地下渗灌的优点,能够把水直接灌溉到一定深度土壤层,起到对植物根系层,进行直接灌溉的目的;能有效减少表层土壤水分蒸发损失,提高灌水效率、提高灌溉水的有效利用率。过去的地埋式渗灌技术,有较好的灌水效果和抑制表层土壤水分蒸发损失作用,但其易堵塞、检修难的缺点,限制了地下渗灌技术的发展。地表滴灌技术成熟,但其表层土壤水分蒸发损失,影响滴灌水分的利用效率和灌水效率。为了结合滴灌与渗灌的优势,克服滴灌与渗灌的缺点;所以,开展对直插式根灌技术的研究,把地表滴灌的水分,直接引灌到一定深度的土壤层,实现土壤的越层灌溉,起到较好的灌水效果,根灌产品,安装简便,便于维护。Straight tube root irrigation technology is a new type of water-saving irrigation technology. It combines the advantages of surface drip irrigation and subsurface infiltration irrigation, can directly irrigation water to a certain depth of soil layer and reach the purpose of direct irrigation to plant root layer. It can effectively reduce the surface soil moisture evaporation loss and improve the efficiency of irrigation and the effective utilization rate of irrigation water. The past subsurface infiltration irrigation technology has a good effect of irrigation and restrain the evaporation loss of surface soil, but is easy to be blocked and has the shortcoming of difficult maintenance, which limits the development of subsurface infiltration irrigation technology. Surface drip irrigation technology is mature, but its surface soil water evaporation loss affects the water use efficiency of drip irrigation and irrigation efficiency. In order to combine the advantages of drip irrigation and infiltration irrigation, overcome the disadvantages of drip irrigation and subsurface irrigation, the straight tube root irrigation technology is developed. So the surface drip irrigation water can be directly guided to a certain depth of soil layer to realize the span soil layer irrigation and get good irrigation effects. Also, the root irrigation products are easy to install and maintain.

关 键 词：直插式根灌 滴灌 渗灌 土壤水分 节水 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]