日光温室小型水肥一体灌溉机设计及其控制模型的建立  

Design of A Small Integrated Water and Fertilizer Irrigation Machine for Solar Greenhouse and Its Control Model Establishment

作　　者：李坚[1,2,3] 刘云骥 王丹丹[1,2,3] 孙周平[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]设施园艺省部共建教育部重点实验室,沈阳110866 [2]环渤海湾地区设施蔬菜优质高效生产协同创新中心,沈阳110866 [3]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2017年第4期87-91,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：辽宁省"十二五"攻关项目(2015103003);"现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金"(CARS-25-C-01)

摘　　要：针对北方地区日光温室栽培面积小以及环境变化与栽培管理要求,设计了一种基于吸肥器的小型灌溉施肥机。首先,通过吸肥器的排布、三条支路管道结构和混肥装置结构等研究,建立了小型水肥一体灌溉机的优化结构,实现了肥料和水的两次混合,达到提高混肥效率,减少水肥混合时间的目的;然后通过山崎母液配方,研究两路母液/一路酸液与EC/p H的关系模型,试验结果表明:与实测值相比,模型预测得到的EC值相对误差的平均值为2%,最大值为4.2%,p H的相对误差的平均值为3%,最大值为4.7%,以上试验结果说明,灌溉机结构设计合理,可实现营养液的精准化控制,为日光温室蔬菜的标准化管理奠定基础。In order to meet the requirements of the solar greenhouse in north China, including small cultivated area, environmental variation and cultivation management, a small integrated water and fertilizer irrigation machine based on fertilizer pump is proposed for soilless cultivation. Firstly, an optimal structure of fertigation machine is built by means of arrangement of three fertilizer pumps, structure study of the three parallel branches and the mixing fertilizer device, the water and fertilizer is mixed for twice times and the efficiency of mixing is significantly improved while the time is reduced. Then the model of the relationship between two kinds of mother solutions/acid and the EC/pH values is built by Shanqi formula as concentrated solution. The results show that： compared with the measured values, the mean and maximum relative errors of EC values calculated by the model are 2% and 4.2%, respectively, and the mean and maximum relative errors of the pH values are 3% and 4.7%, respectively. The results indicate that the structure of the fertigation is rational to control the nutrient solution accurately and can supply a foundation for the standard management of vegetable cultivation in solar greenhouse.

关 键 词：日光温室 灌溉施肥机 电导率 酸度 模型 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]