小麦品种周麦22号的分子遗传基础及其特异引物筛选  

Molecular and Genetic Basis of Wheat Variety Zhoumai 22 and Specific Primers Screening

作　　者：邹少奎 殷贵鸿 唐建卫 韩玉林 李顺成 李楠楠 黄峰 王丽娜 张倩 高艳 ZOU Shaokui YIN Guihong TANG Jianwei HAN Yulin LI Shuncheng LI Nannan HUANG Feng WANG Lina ZHANG Qian GAO Yan(Zhoukou Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Wheat Germplasm Improvement Engineering Research Center of Henan Province,Zhoukou,Henan 466001,China)

机构地区：[1]周口市农业科学院/河南省小麦种质改良工程技术研究中心,河南周口466001

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2017年第4期472-482,共11页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划("863"计划)项目(2012AA101105);国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2014ZX08002003);国家农业科技成果转化资金项目(2014D00000018);河南省杰出青年基金项目(144100510004);河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(2130199-ny)

摘　　要：国审小麦品种周麦22号具有高产、稳产、多抗和广适等突出优点,是目前全国种植面积居于前列的品种,也是优异的育种亲本材料。为研究周麦22号的分子遗传学基础以及筛选周麦22的特异引物,利用覆盖小麦全基因组的340个SSR标记对周麦22号及其亲本周麦12号、温麦6号、周麦13号进行SSR标记分析。结果表明,温麦6号对周麦22号的遗传贡献最大(37.35%),其次是周麦13号(36.14%),周麦12号贡献最小(26.51%);周麦22号和其3个亲本间的遗传相似系数的聚类结果与系谱分析不一致,表明在选育过程中亲本遗传物质的传递发生了偏分离;在不同基因组水平上,3个亲本对周麦22号的遗传贡献率差异较明显,在A、B、D三个染色体组上对周麦22号的遗传贡献各有侧重;从340个SSR标记中筛选出28个周麦22号的特异标记,并通过与周麦22号的姊妹系、相似品种、衍生品种及黄淮麦区主推的小麦品种相比较,进一步筛选出1个周麦22号的特异引物Xgwm577,建立了一种能够准确、快速、简便、稳定检测周麦22号品种真实性的检测手段,为周麦22号进一步的遗传改良和推广应用提供了理论参考。Common wheat variety Zhoumai 22 with the advantages of high yield, stable yield, multi-re- sistance and eurytopicity,is the largest cultivar in cultivated area, and is also excellent parental materi- al. The objectives of this study were to reveal the genetic basis of Zhoumai 22, and to screen the spe- cific primers of Zhoumai 22. A total of 340 SSR markers covering 21 wheat chromosomes were used to analyze Zhoumai 22 and its parents （Zhoumai 12, Wenmai 6, and Zhoumai 13）. The results indicated that there are large differences in genetic contribution for Zhoumai 22 and its parents,of which the rate of genetic contribution from Wenmai 6 to Zhoumai 22 was 37. 35%, much higher than those from Zhoumai 12 （26.51%） and Zhoumai 13 （36.14%） to Zhoumai 22. It was found that the clustering re- sult of the genetic similarity coefficient between Zhoumai 22 and its parents does not agreed with pedigree analysis, showing that the genetic material partial separated in the process of breeding. Genetic contribution from parents to Zhoumai 22 showed large variation in different genomes,and emphasized particularly on the genomes of A,B and D. Twenty-eight specific loci were evaluated in Zhoumai 22,of which one specific SSR marker differentiated Zhoumai 22 from other varieties. This study established a simple,rapid,accurate and stable testing method for varieties authenticity of Zhoumai 22, and laid the foundation of molecular genetics for further genetic improvement and application.

关 键 词：普通小麦 周麦22号 分子遗传 特异引物 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S336