高效猪毛角蛋白降解菌株的分离与鉴定  

Isolation and identification of a pig hair keratin-degrading strain

作　　者：雷平 刘标 尹红梅 

机构地区：[1]湖南省微生物研究院,湖南长沙410009

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2017年第4期644-650,共7页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：湖南省科技重点研发计划(2016NK2208);湖南省生猪产业技术体系生猪产业规模养殖与环境控制岗位项目

摘　　要：为了筛选能高效降解猪毛角蛋白的微生物,从长期堆放废弃猪毛的土壤中取样,采用以猪毛粉为唯一碳氮源的培养基分离角蛋白降解菌,并对其产角蛋白酶条件进行了研究。通过驯化培养后,筛选到5株能够降解猪毛角蛋白的菌株,其中菌株E-2降解效果最佳。将E-2接种到以猪毛为唯一碳氮源的培养基中培养5 d后,猪毛降解率达58.6%,发酵液中角蛋白酶活为46.6 U·m L^(-1)。结合形态学观察、生理生化特征及ITS序列分析,鉴定该菌株为解脂耶氏酵母(Yarrowia lipolytica)。E-2产酶影响条件实验结果表明,培养108 h后酶活性最高,产角蛋白酶最适条件为p H值6.0~7.0,温度35~40℃,猪毛粉添加量15 g·L^(-1)。E-2能降解猪毛、鸡毛、羊毛,但降解活性及产酶活性均不同。该菌株的分离筛选为微生物降解猪毛角蛋白提供了新的菌种资源,至今未见解脂耶氏酵母在降解毛发角蛋白方面的相关报道。To screening the microorganisms with high pig-hair keratin-degrading capacity, the strains were isolated from environment soil collected from the pig hair waste site by adopting the culture medium taking keratin as sole car-bon and nitrogen source and the optimal environmental factors for keratinase activity were investigated. In this study, five strains with pig hair degrading ability were obtained by the method of enrichment and domenstication, while the strain E-2 showed the highest capatity of degrading pig hair keratin. The degrading rate of pig hair keratin was up to 58. 6% after 5 days fermentation and the keratinase activty reached 46. 6 U＊mL 1. The strain E-2 was identified as Yarrowia lipolytica based on morphology, physiological characteristics and ITS sequence analysis. Experimental re-sults of environmental factors showed that the optimum cultivation conditions for keratinase activity was pH 6. 0 - 7. 0,temperature 35 -40 ,pig hair content 15 g＊L 1 and culture time 108 h. E-2 could degrade pig hairs, chicken feathers and wools, while the degrading activtiy and keratinase acticity varied with different keratin substrates. Up to date, little is known about the pig hair keratin degrading by Yarrowia lipolytica, thus, we provided a new efficient keratin-degarding strain to utilize pig hair.

关 键 词：猪毛角蛋白 角蛋白降解菌 解脂耶氏酵母 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学] X713[农业科学—畜牧兽医]